Annisya

CXBas

2010-08-25T23:39:00.001-07:00

ZSBZSBZSBBS

Sahih Bukhari Book 1 (Revelation)

2008-07-07T01:43:00.000-07:00

Revelation
باب كيف كان بدء الوحي إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وقول الله جل ذكره { إنا أوحينا إليك كما أوحينا إلى نوح والنبيين من بعده }

[ 1 ] حدثنا الحميدي عبد الله بن الزبير قال حدثنا سفيان قال حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد الأنصاري قال أخبرني محمد بن إبراهيم التيمي أنه سمع علقمة بن وقاص الليثي يقول سمعت عمر بن الخطاب رضى الله تعالى عنه على المنبر قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول إنما الأعمال بالنيات وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوى فمن كانت هجرته إلى دنيا يصيبها أو إلى امرأة ينكحها فهجرته إلى ما هاجر إليه
1. Narated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab:
I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions and every person will get the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration was for what he emigrated for."

[ 2 ] حدثنا عبد الله بن يوسف قال أخبرنا مالك عن هشام بن عروة عن أبيه عن عائشة أم المؤمنين رضى الله تعالى عنها أن الحارث بن هشام رضى الله تعالى عنه سأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله كيف يأتيك الوحي فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أحيانا يأتيني مثل صلصلة الجرس وهو أشده علي فيفصم عني وقد وعيت عنه ما قال وأحيانا يتمثل لي الملك رجلا فيكلمني فأعي ما يقول قالت عائشة رضى الله تعالى عنها ولقد رأيته ينزل عليه الوحي في اليوم الشديد البرد فيفصم عنه وإن جبينه ليتفصد عرقا
2. Narrated 'Aisha:
(the mother of the faithful believers) Al-Harith bin Hisham asked Allah's Apostle "O Allah's Apostle! How is the Divine Inspiration revealed to you?" Allah's Apostle replied, "Sometimes it is (revealed) like the ringing of a bell, this form of Inspiration is the hardest of all and then this state passes ' off after I have grasped what is inspired. Sometimes the Angel comes in the form of a man and talks to me and I grasp whatever he says." 'Aisha added: Verily I saw the Prophet being inspired Divinely on a very cold day and noticed the Sweat dropping from his forehead (as the Inspiration was over).

[ 3 ] حدثنا يحيى بن بكير قال حدثنا الليث عن عقيل عن بن شهاب عن عروة بن الزبير عن عائشة أم المؤمنين أنها قالت أول ما بدىء به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من الوحي الرؤيا الصالحة في النوم فكان لا يرى رؤيا إلا جاءت مثل فلق الصبح ثم حبب إليه الخلاء وكان يخلو بغار حراء فيتحنث فيه وهو التعبد الليالي ذوات العدد قبل أن ينزع إلى أهله ويتزود لذلك ثم يرجع إلى خديجة فيتزود لمثلها حتى جاءه الحق وهو في غار حراء فجاءه الملك فقال اقرأ قال ما أنا بقارئ قال فأخذني فغطني حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم أرسلني فقال اقرأ قلت ما أنا بقارئ فأخذني فغطني الثانية حتى بلغ مني الجهد ثم أرسلني فقال اقرأ فقلت ما أنا بقارئ فأخذني فغطني الثالثة ثم أرسلني فقال { اقرأ باسم ربك الذي خلق خلق الإنسان من علق اقرأ وربك الأكرم } فرجع بها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يرجف فؤاده فدخل على خديجة بنت خويلد رضى الله تعالى عنها فقال زملوني زملوني فزملوه حتى ذهب عنه الروع فقال لخديجة وأخبرها الخبر لقد خشيت على نفسي فقالت خديجة كلا والله ما يخزيك الله أبدا إنك لتصل الرحم وتحمل الكل وتكسب المعدوم وتقري الضيف وتعين على نوائب الحق فانطلقت به خديجة حتى أتت به ورقة بن نوفل بن أسد بن عبد العزى بن عم خديجة وكان امرأ تنصر في الجاهلية وكان يكتب الكتاب العبراني فيكتب من الإنجيل بالعبرانية ما شاء الله أن يكتب وكان شيخا كبيرا قد عمي فقالت له خديجة يا بن عم اسمع من بن أخيك فقال له ورقة يا بن أخي ماذا ترى فأخبره رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خبر ما رأى فقال له ورقة هذا الناموس الذي نزل الله على موسى يا ليتني فيها جذع ليتني أكون حيا إذ يخرجك قومك فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أو مخرجي هم قال نعم لم يأت رجل قط بمثل ما جئت به إلا عودي وإن يدركني يومك أنصرك نصرا مؤزرا ثم لم ينشب ورقة أن توفي وفتر الوحي

3. Narrated 'Aisha:
(the mother of the faithful believers) The commencement of the Divine Inspiration to Allah's Apostle was in the form of good dreams which came true like bright day light, and then the love of seclusion was bestowed upon him. He used to go in seclusion in the cave of Hira where he used to worship (Allah alone) continuously for many days before his desire to see his family. He used to take with him the journey food for the stay and then come back to (his wife) Khadija to take his food like-wise again till suddenly the Truth descended upon him while he was in the cave of Hira. The angel came to him and asked him to read. The Prophet replied, "I do not know how to read.
The Prophet added, "The angel caught me (forcefully) and pressed me so hard that I could not bear it any more. He then released me and again asked me to read and I replied, 'I do not know how to read.' Thereupon he caught me again and pressed me a second time till I could not bear it any more. He then released me and again asked me to read but again I replied, 'I do not know how to read (or what shall I read)?' Thereupon he caught me for the third time and pressed me, and then released me and said, 'Read in the name of your Lord, who has created (all that exists) has created man from a clot. Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous." (96.1, 96.2, 96.3) Then Allah's Apostle returned with the Inspiration and with his heart beating severely. Then he went to Khadija bint Khuwailid and said, "Cover me! Cover me!" They covered him till his fear was over and after that he told her everything that had happened and said, "I fear that something may happen to me." Khadija replied, "Never! By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your Kith and kin, help the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously and assist the deserving calamity-afflicted ones."
Khadija then accompanied him to her cousin Waraqa bin Naufal bin Asad bin 'Abdul 'Uzza, who, during the PreIslamic Period became a Christian and used to write the writing with Hebrew letters. He would write from the Gospel in Hebrew as much as Allah wished him to write. He was an old man and had lost his eyesight. Khadija said to Waraqa, "Listen to the story of your nephew, O my cousin!" Waraqa asked, "O my nephew! What have you seen?" Allah's Apostle described whatever he had seen. Waraqa said, "This is the same one who keeps the secrets (angel Gabriel) whom Allah had sent to Moses. I wish I were young and could live up to the time when your people would turn you out." Allah's Apostle asked, "Will they drive me out?" Waraqa replied in the affirmative and said, "Anyone (man) who came with something similar to what you have brought was treated with hostility; and if I should remain alive till the day when you will be turned out then I would support you strongly." But after a few days Waraqa died and the Divine Inspiration was also paused for a while.

[ 4 ] قال بن شهاب وأخبرني أبو سلمة بن عبد الرحمن أن جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري قال وهو يحدث عن فترة الوحي فقال في حديثه بينا أنا أمشي إذ سمعت صوتا من السماء فرفعت بصري فإذا الملك الذي جاءني بحراء جالس على كرسي بين السماء والأرض فرعبت منه فرجعت فقلت زملوني زملوني فأنزل الله تعالى { يا أيها المدثر قم فأنذر } إلى قوله { والرجز فاهجر } فحمي الوحي وتتابع تابعه عبد الله بن يوسف وأبو صالح وتابعه هلال بن رداد عن الزهري وقال يونس ومعمر بوادره
4. Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah Al-Ansari while talking about the period of pause in revelation reporting the speech of the Prophet "While I was walking, all of a sudden I heard a voice from the sky. I looked up and saw the same angel who had visited me at the cave of Hira' sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I got afraid of him and came back home and said, 'Wrap me (in blankets).' And then Allah revealed the following Holy Verses (of Quran):
'O you (i.e. Muhammad)! wrapped up in garments!' Arise and warn (the people against Allah's Punishment),... up to 'and desert the idols.' (74.1-5) After this the revelation started coming strongly, frequently and regularly."

[ 5 ] حدثنا موسى بن إسماعيل قال حدثنا أبو عوانة قال حدثنا موسى بن أبي عائشة قال حدثنا سعيد بن جبير عن بن عباس في قوله تعالى { لا تحرك به لسانك لتعجل به } قال كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يعالج من التنزيل شدة وكان مما يحرك شفتيه فقال بن عباس فأنا أحركهما لكم كما كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يحركهما وقال سعيد أنا أحركهما كما رأيت بن عباس يحركهما فحرك شفتيه فأنزل الله تعالى { لا تحرك به لسانك لتعجل به إن علينا جمعه وقرآنه } قال جمعه له في صدرك وتقرأه { فإذا قرأناه فاتبع قرآنه } قال فاستمع له وأنصت { ثم إن علينا بيانه } ثم إن علينا أن تقرأه فكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بعد ذلك إذا أتاه جبريل استمع فإذا انطلق جبريل قرأه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كما قرأه
Narrated Said bin Jubair:
Ibn 'Abbas in the explanation of the Statement of Allah. 'Move not your tongue concerning (the Quran) to make haste therewith." (75.16) Said "Allah's Apostle used to bear the revelation with great trouble and used to move his lips (quickly) with the Inspiration." Ibn 'Abbas moved his lips saying, "I am moving my lips in front of you as Allah's Apostle used to move his." Said moved his lips saying: "I am moving my lips, as I saw Ibn 'Abbas moving his." Ibn 'Abbas added, "So Allah revealed 'Move not your tongue concerning (the Qur'an) to make haste therewith. It is for us to collect it and to give you (O Muhammad) the ability to recite it (the Qur'an) (75.16-17) which means that Allah will make him (the Prophet ) remember the portion of the Qur'an which was revealed at that time by heart and recite it. The Statement of Allah: And 'When we have recited it to you (O Muhammad through Gabriel) then you follow its (Qur'an) recital' (75.18) means 'listen to it and be silent.' Then it is for Us (Allah) to make It clear to you' (75.19) means 'Then it is (for Allah) to make you recite it (and its meaning will be clear by itself through your tongue). Afterwards, Allah's Apostle used to listen to Gabriel whenever he came and after his departure he used to recite it as Gabriel had recited it."

[ 6 ] حدثنا عبدان قال أخبرنا عبد الله قال أخبرنا يونس عن الزهري ح وحدثنا بشر بن محمد قال أخبرنا عبد الله قال أخبرنا يونس ومعمر عن الزهري نحوه قال أخبرني عبيد الله بن عبد الله عن بن عباس قال كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أجود الناس وكان أجود ما يكون في رمضان حين يلقاه جبريل وكان يلقاه في كل ليلة من رمضان فيدارسه القرآن فلرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أجود بالخير من الريح المرسلة
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
Allah's Apostle was the most generous of all the people, and he used to reach the peak in generosity in the month of Ramadan when Gabriel met him. Gabriel used to meet him every night of Ramadan to teach him the Qur'an. Allah's Apostle was the most generous person, even more generous than the strong uncontrollable wind (in readiness and haste to do charitable deeds).

[ 7 ] حدثنا أبو اليمان الحكم بن نافع قال أخبرنا شعيب عن الزهري قال أخبرني عبيد الله بن عبد الله بن عتبة بن مسعود أن عبد الله بن عباس أخبره أن أبا سفيان بن حرب أخبره أن هرقل أرسل إليه في ركب من قريش وكانوا تجارا بالشام في المدة التي كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ماد فيها أبا سفيان وكفار قريش فأتوه وهم بإيلياء فدعاهم في مجلسه وحوله عظماء الروم ثم دعاهم ودعا بترجمانه فقال أيكم أقرب نسبا بهذا الرجل الذي يزعم أنه نبي فقال أبو سفيان فقلت أنا أقربهم نسبا فقال أدنوه مني وقربوا أصحابه فاجعلوهم عند ظهره ثم قال لترجمانه قل لهم إني سائل هذا عن هذا الرجل فإن كذبني فكذبوه فوالله لولا الحياء من أن يأثروا علي كذبا لكذبت عنه ثم كان أول ما سألني عنه أن قال كيف نسبه فيكم قلت هو فينا ذو نسب قال فهل قال هذا القول منكم أحد قط قبله قلت لا قال فهل كان من آبائه من ملك قلت لا قال فأشراف الناس يتبعونه أم ضعفاؤهم فقلت بل ضعفاؤهم قال أيزيدون أم ينقصون قلت بل يزيدون قال فهل يرتد أحد منهم سخطة لدينه بعد أن يدخل فيه قلت لا قال فهل كنتم تتهمونه بالكذب قبل أن يقول ما قال قلت لا قال فهل يغدر قلت لا ونحن منه في مدة لا ندري ما هو فاعل فيها قال ولم تمكني كلمة أدخل فيها شيئا غير هذه الكلمة قال فهل قاتلتموه قلت نعم قال فكيف كان قتالكم إياه قلت الحرب بيننا وبينه سجال ينال منا وننال منه قال ماذا يأمركم قلت يقول اعبدوا الله وحده ولا تشركوا به شيئا واتركوا ما يقول آباؤكم ويأمرنا بالصلاة والصدق والعفاف والصلة فقال للترجمان قل له سألتك عن نسبه فذكرت أنه فيكم ذو نسب فكذلك الرسل تبعث في نسب قومها وسألتك هل قال أحد منكم هذا القول فذكرت أن لا فقلت لو كان أحد قال هذا القول قبله لقلت رجل يأتسي بقول قيل قبله وسألتك هل كان من آبائه من ملك فذكرت أن لا قلت فلو كان من آبائه من ملك قلت رجل يطلب ملك أبيه وسألتك هل كنتم تتهمونه بالكذب قبل أن يقول ما قال فذكرت أن لا فقد أعرف أنه لم يكن ليذر الكذب على الناس ويكذب على الله وسألتك أشراف الناس اتبعوه أم ضعفاؤهم فذكرت أن ضعفاءهم اتبعوه وهم أتباع الرسل وسألتك أيزيدون أم ينقصون فذكرت أنهم يزيدون وكذلك أمر الإيمان حتى يتم وسألتك أيرتد أحد سخطة لدينه بعد أن يدخل فيه فذكرت أن لا وكذلك الإيمان حين تخالط بشاشته القلوب وسألتك هل يغدر فذكرت أن لا وكذلك الرسل لا تغدر وسألتك بما يأمركم فذكرت أنه يأمركم أن تعبدوا الله ولا تشركوا به شيئا وينهاكم عن عبادة الأوثان ويأمركم بالصلاة والصدق والعفاف فإن كان ما تقول حقا فسيملك موضع قدمي هاتين وقد كنت أعلم أنه خارج لم أكن أظن أنه منكم فلو أني أعلم أني أخلص إليه لتجشمت لقاءه ولو كنت عنده لغسلت عن قدمه ثم دعا بكتاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الذي بعث به دحية إلى عظيم بصرى فدفعه إلى هرقل فقرأه فإذا فيه بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم من محمد عبد الله ورسوله إلى هرقل عظيم الروم سلام على من اتبع الهدى أما بعد فإني أدعوك بدعاية الإسلام أسلم تسلم يؤتك الله أجرك مرتين فإن توليت فإن عليك إثم الأريسيين و { يا أهل الكتاب تعالوا إلى كلمة سواء بيننا وبينكم أن لا نعبد إلا الله ولا نشرك به شيئا ولا يتخذ بعضنا بعضا أربابا من دون الله فإن تولوا فقولوا اشهدوا بأنا مسلمون } قال أبو سفيان فلما قال ما قال وفرغ من قراءة الكتاب كثر عنده الصخب وارتفعت الأصوات وأخرجنا فقلت لأصحابي حين أخرجنا لقد أمر أمر بن أبي كبشة إنه يخافه ملك بني الأصفر فما زلت موقنا أنه سيظهر حتى أدخل الله علي الإسلام وكان بن الناظور صاحب إيلياء وهرقل أسقفا على نصارى الشام يحدث أن هرقل حين قدم إيلياء أصبح يوما خبيث النفس فقال بعض بطارقته قد استنكرنا هيئتك قال بن الناظور وكان هرقل حزاء ينظر في النجوم فقال لهم حين سألوه إني رأيت الليلة حين نظرت في النجوم ملك الختان قد ظهر فمن يختتن من هذه الأمة قالوا ليس يختتن إلا اليهود فلا يهمنك شأنهم واكتب إلى مداين ملكك فيقتلوا من فيهم من اليهود فبينما هم على أمرهم أتي هرقل برجل أرسل به ملك غسان يخبر عن خبر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما استخبره هرقل قال اذهبوا فانظروا أمختتن هو أم لا فنظروا إليه فحدثوه أنه مختتن وسأله عن العرب فقال هم يختتنون فقال هرقل هذا ملك هذه الأمة قد ظهر ثم كتب هرقل إلى صاحب له برومية وكان نظيره في العلم وسار هرقل إلى حمص فلم يرم حمص حتى أتاه كتاب من صاحبه يوافق رأي هرقل على خروج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وأنه نبي فأذن هرقل لعظماء الروم في دسكرة له بحمص ثم أمر بأبوابها فغلقت ثم اطلع فقال يا معشر الروم هل لكم في الفلاح والرشد وأن يثبت ملككم فتبايعوا هذا النبي فحاصوا حيصة حمر الوحش إلى الأبواب فوجدوها قد غلقت فلما رأى هرقل نفرتهم وأيس من الإيمان قال ردوهم علي وقال إني قلت مقالتي آنفا أختبر بها شدتكم على دينكم فقد رأيت فسجدوا له ورضوا عنه فكان ذلك آخر شأن هرقل رواه صالح بن كيسان ويونس ومعمر عن الزهري
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas:
Abu Sufyan bin Harb informed me that Heraclius had sent a messenger to him while he had been accompanying a caravan from Quraish. They were merchants doing business in Sham (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan), at the time when Allah's Apostle had truce with Abu Sufyan and Quraish infidels. So Abu Sufyan and his companions went to Heraclius at Ilya (Jerusalem). Heraclius called them in the court and he had all the senior Roman dignitaries around him. He called for his translator who, translating Heraclius's question said to them, "Who amongst you is closely related to that man who claims to be a Prophet?" Abu Sufyan replied, "I am the nearest relative to him (amongst the group)."
Heraclius said, "Bring him (Abu Sufyan) close to me and make his companions stand behind him." Abu Sufyan added, Heraclius told his translator to tell my companions that he wanted to put some questions to me regarding that man (The Prophet) and that if I told a lie they (my companions) should contradict me." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had I not been afraid of my companions labeling me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about the Prophet. The first question he asked me about him was:
'What is his family status amongst you?'
I replied, 'He belongs to a good (noble) family amongst us.'
Heraclius further asked, 'Has anybody amongst you ever claimed the same (i.e. to be a Prophet) before him?'
I replied, 'No.'
He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?'
I replied, 'No.'
Heraclius asked, 'Do the nobles or the poor follow him?'
I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.'
He said, 'Are his followers increasing decreasing (day by day)?'
I replied, 'They are increasing.'
He then asked, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his religion become displeased and renounce the religion afterwards?'
I replied, 'No.'
Heraclius said, 'Have you ever accused him of telling lies before his claim (to be a Prophet)?'
I replied, 'No. '
Heraclius said, 'Does he break his promises?'
I replied, 'No. We are at truce with him but we do not know what he will do in it.' I could not find opportunity to say anything against him except that.
Heraclius asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?'
I replied, 'Yes.'
Then he said, 'What was the outcome of the battles?'
I replied, 'Sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.'
Heraclius said, 'What does he order you to do?'
I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah and Allah alone and not to worship anything along with Him, and to renounce all that our ancestors had said. He orders us to pray, to speak the truth, to be chaste and to keep good relations with our Kith and kin.'
Heraclius asked the translator to convey to me the following, I asked you about his family and your reply was that he belonged to a very noble family. In fact all the Apostles come from noble families amongst their respective peoples. I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you claimed such a thing, your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following the previous man's statement. Then I asked you whether anyone of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom.
I further asked whether he was ever accused of telling lies before he said what he said, and your reply was in the negative. So I wondered how a person who does not tell a lie about others could ever tell a lie about Allah. I, then asked you whether the rich people followed him or the poor. You replied that it was the poor who followed him. And in fact all the Apostle have been followed by this very class of people. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing, and in fact this is the way of true faith, till it is complete in all respects. I further asked you whether there was anybody, who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion. Your reply was in the negative, and in fact this is (the sign of) true faith, when its delight enters the hearts and mixes with them completely. I asked you whether he had ever betrayed. You replied in the negative and likewise the Apostles never betray. Then I asked you what he ordered you to do. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah and Allah alone and not to worship any thing along with Him and forbade you to worship idols and ordered you to pray, to speak the truth and to be chaste. If what you have said is true, he will very soon occupy this place underneath my feet and I knew it (from the scriptures) that he was going to appear but I did not know that he would be from you, and if I could reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet him and if I were with him, I would certainly wash his feet.' Heraclius then asked for the letter addressed by Allah's Apostle
which was delivered by Dihya to the Governor of Busra, who forwarded it to Heraclius to read. The contents of the letter were as follows: "In the name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad the slave of Allah and His Apostle to Heraclius the ruler of Byzantine. Peace be upon him, who follows the right path. Furthermore I invite you to Islam, and if you become a Muslim you will be safe, and Allah will double your reward, and if you reject this invitation of Islam you will be committing a sin by misguiding your Arisiyin (peasants). (And I recite to you Allah's Statement:)
'O people of the scripture! Come to a word common to you and us that we worship none but Allah and that we associate nothing in worship with Him, and that none of us shall take others as Lords beside Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are Muslims (those who have surrendered to Allah).' (3:64).
Abu Sufyan then added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech and had read the letter, there was a great hue and cry in the Royal Court. So we were turned out of the court. I told my companions that the question of Ibn-Abi-Kabsha) (the Prophet Muhammad) has become so prominent that even the King of Bani Al-Asfar (Byzantine) is afraid of him. Then I started to become sure that he (the Prophet) would be the conqueror in the near future till I embraced Islam (i.e. Allah guided me to it)."
The sub narrator adds, "Ibn An-Natur was the Governor of llya' (Jerusalem) and Heraclius was the head of the Christians of Sham. Ibn An-Natur narrates that once while Heraclius was visiting ilya' (Jerusalem), he got up in the morning with a sad mood. Some of his priests asked him why he was in that mood? Heraclius was a foreteller and an astrologer. He replied, 'At night when I looked at the stars, I saw that the leader of those who practice circumcision had appeared (become the conqueror). Who are they who practice circumcision?' The people replied, 'Except the Jews nobody practices circumcision, so you should not be afraid of them (Jews).
'Just Issue orders to kill every Jew present in the country.'
While they were discussing it, a messenger sent by the king of Ghassan to convey the news of Allah's Apostle to Heraclius was brought in. Having heard the news, he (Heraclius) ordered the people to go and see whether the messenger of Ghassan was circumcised. The people, after seeing him, told Heraclius that he was circumcised. Heraclius then asked him about the Arabs. The messenger replied, 'Arabs also practice circumcision.'
(After hearing that) Heraclius remarked that sovereignty of the 'Arabs had appeared. Heraclius then wrote a letter to his friend in Rome who was as good as Heraclius in knowledge. Heraclius then left for Homs. (a town in Syrian and stayed there till he received the reply of his letter from his friend who agreed with him in his opinion about the emergence of the Prophet and the fact that he was a Prophet. On that Heraclius invited all the heads of the Byzantines to assemble in his palace at Homs. When they assembled, he ordered that all the doors of his palace be closed. Then he came out and said, 'O Byzantines! If success is your desire and if you seek right guidance and want your empire to remain then give a pledge of allegiance to this Prophet (i.e. embrace Islam).'
(On hearing the views of Heraclius) the people ran towards the gates of the palace like onagers but found the doors closed. Heraclius realized their hatred towards Islam and when he lost the hope of their embracing Islam, he ordered that they should be brought back in audience.
(When they returned) he said, 'What already said was just to test the strength of your conviction and I have seen it.' The people prostrated before him and became pleased with him, and this was the end of Heraclius's story (in connection with his faith).

Belanja Bijak dengan Kartu Kredit

2008-07-04T20:17:00.001-07:00

Belanja Bijak dengan Kartu Kredit

Salah satu sisi kehidupan finansial yang paling cepat berkembang mengikuti budaya global adalah penggunaan kartu plastik dan salah satu produknya adalah kartu kredit. Instrumen keuangan ini memberikan berbagai kemudahan, baik dalam bertransaksi maupun manajemen arus kas.
Pada pembahasan terdahulu, kita sudah membahas bagaimana dapat memanfaatkan keberadaan kartu kredit bagi keuangan Anda, dan menentukan pilihan kartu kredit yang sesuai dengan pola keuangan yang Anda miliki.
Kartu kredit memberikan banyak kemudahan bagi para pemiliknya, dari keamanan sampai pembayaran cicilan bulanan yang minimal. Tetapi, hal yang harus selalu diingat dalam penggunaan suatu produk budaya baru adalah keharusan penyesuaian-penyesuaian pada perilaku kita. Janganlah kita hanya terjebak pada ‘gaya hidup’-nya saja, tetapi juga bagaimana mengekploitasinya guna kepentingan kita.

Bukan Hanya Perbankan
Sektor perbankan saat ini sangat gencar melakukan penetrasi pasar retail. Berbagai promosi dilakukan, baik melalui radio, TV maupun surat kabar. Di lain pihak, raksasa-raksasa retail, baik lokal maupun internasional seperti Rimo, Makro, hingga Carrefour kini berlomba-lomba untuk menerbitkan kartu kredit.
Menerbitkan kartu kredit bukan lagi monopoli sektor perbankan.
Mereka menggaet lembaga internasional untuk menawarkan kartu plastik ini. Carrefour misalnya, menggaet GE Consumer Finance dan Mastercard untuk menelurkan kartu kredit yang memiliki jangkauan lebih luas, bukan hanya bisa dipergunakan untuk berbelanja di Carrefour. Biasanya kartu-kartu jenis ini memberikan keuntungan atau fasilitas-fasilitas tambahan tertentu, misalnya potongan untuk barang-barang tertentu yang Anda beli di Carrefour.

Jangan Mudah Terbuai
Kartu belanja yang dikeluarkan oleh Carrefour, juga berfungsi sebagai sarana pembayaran cicilan dengan jangka waktu maksimal hingga 2 tahun.
Selain itu, pemilik kartu belanja Carrefour juga bisa menikmati diskon khusus sebesar 1,5 persen dari harga barang.
Kartu belanja Makro juga menawarkan berbagai fasilitas yang tak kalah menyenangkan. Dengan memiliki kartu ini, pemegang kartu mendapat fasilitas kasir tersendiri, sehingga terbebas dari antrean panjang yang biasa terjadi. Kelebihan lainnya, pemegang kartu juga mendapatkan parkir khusus dan dapat berbelanja melalui telepon.
Tapi awas, iming-iming berbagai kemudahan seperti di atas terkadang berakibat fatal. Lantaran berbagai kemudahan yang diberikan, Anda sebagai pemakai tanpa sadar terbuai dan terjebak ke dalam tumpukan utang yang tak kunjung terlunasi. Maklum, bunga kartu kredit yang ditawarkan tidaklah murah, saat ini berkisar antara 3-4 persen/bulan.
Konsumen yang keenakan berbelanja dan tidak disiplin dalam melakukan pembayaran bulanan bisa terlilit utang yang kian lama kian menumpuk.
Perhitungan bunga yang berlaku adalah prisnip bunga berbunga. Dus, bunga bulanan yang sekitar 3-4 persen/bulan dapat tumbuh pesat mencapai lebih dari 40 persen. Tentunya hal ini sangat memberatkan Anda sebagai konsumen pemakai, bila Anda tidak cermat dan bijak dalam memanfaatkan kartu kredit.
Oleh karena itu kami sangat menganjurkan agar Anda meniliti dengan seksama sebelum Anda mengambil keputusan untuk memiliki kartu kredit. Jangan sampai kemudahan kartu kredit yang ditawarkan malah memberikan petaka di kemudian hari. Bila Anda tertarik untuk memiliki-nya, kami menganjurkan untuk memiliki tidak lebih dari 3 buah kartu kredit dengan kegunaannya masing-masing bagi Anda dan keluarga.

Kenali Kartu Kredit Anda
Sebelum Anda terjerumus ke dalam utang yang tak habis-habisnya, sebaiknya Anda mencari tau sebanyak mungkin informasi mengenai kartu kredit yang akan dipilih. Berikut ini ada beberapa hal yang perlu Anda cermati:
Pertama, konsumen harus mencari tahu fasilitas apa saja yang bisa dinikmati, biasa penerbit kartu kredit akan memberikan banyak fasilitas kemudahan bagi pemakai kartu kredit, dari potongan harga sampai undian berhadiah yang menggiurkan. Tapi ingat semua ini bukanlah yang terpenting. Kenali kebutuhan Anda dan pilih kartu yang sesuai untuk Anda. Pada kartu kredit tertentu terdapat fasilitas asuransi, sehingga bila si pemegang kartu meninggal dunia maka perusahaan asuransilah yang akan membayar lunas tagihan Anda.
Kedua, besarnya biaya-biaya yang dikenakan oleh penerbit kartu kredit, seperti biaya tahunan. Besarnya biaya tahunan ini beragam antara kartu kredit satu dengan yang lain, hal ini sangat bergantung dengan jenis kartu kredit atau lembaga yang menerbitkannya. Biaya lain yang harus juga Anda perhatikan adalah biaya keterlambatan pembayaran cicilan, biaya lebih batas , biaya penggantian kartu baru dan lain-lain. Semua biaya ini sebaiknya Anda perhatikan dengan seksama, terkadang hal ini bisa menjadi beban di masa datang.
Ketiga, informasi tingkat suku bunga untuk belanja dan pengambilan tunai. Kedua jenis pemakaian ini tidaklah sama dalam besar bunga yang dibebankan. Pengambilan tunai melalui ATM biasa akan dikenakan bunga yang lebih tinggi. Biaya adminitrasi juga akan langsung dibebankan kepada Anda dan perhitungan bunga biasanya akan langsung pada hari Anda mengambilnya. Jadi dalam pengambilan tunai biasanya tidak ada grace period.
Keempat, perhitungan bunga kartu kredit. Bila melihat pola perhitungan bunga kartu kredit yang umum dipakai perusahan penerbit terdapat dua jenis perhitungan bunga dan salah satunya lebih baik bagi Anda pemakai setia kartu kredit. Sebelum masuk ke jenis pehitungan bunga, kami ingin mengingatkan kembali bahwa pehitungan bunga ini hanya berlaku bila Anda tidak membayar lunas setiap tagihan bulanan yang datang. Bila Anda membayar lunas, maka hal ini tidak usah menjadi hal yang harus Anda pusingkan.
Pola perhitungan pertama—yang menguntungkan bagi Anda—adalah menghitung bunga dengan melihat balance rata-rata harian (average daily balance), termasuk di dalamnya pemakaian baru.
Sebagain contoh saja, bila Anda memakai kartu kredit Anda untuk pembelian sebesar Rp.1 juta untuk sebuah VCD player baru. Begitu tagihan bulanan Anda datang, Anda kekurangan dana tunai sehingga Anda hanya bisa membayar sebesar Rp.500 ribu dari total tagihan Rp.1 juta. Satu bulan berlalu, dan datang lagi tagihan bulanan Anda dan untuk itu Anda akan ditagihkan Rp.500 ribu ditambah dengan bunga terhadap sisa balance bulan lalu.
Cara perhitungan bunga kedua adalah dengan menghitung dengan pola two-cycle average daily balance, termasuk di dalam pembelanjaan baru. Kita ambil seperti contoh sebelumnya, di mana Anda menggunakan kartu kredit Anda sebesar Rp.1 juta, di mana Anda hanya bisa membayarnya sebesar Rp.500 ribu begitu ta-gihan bulanan datang. Bila perusahaan penerbit kartu kredit menggunakan metode two-cycle average daily balance, tagihan bulan depan akan mencantumkan bunga terhadap hampir semua total pembelanjaan yang Anda lakukan dua bulan lalu, yaitu bunga terhadap Rp.1 juta. Bukan seperti metode pertama di mana perhitungan bunga hanya berdasarkan sisa dari balance yang ada. Mengapa?
Karena bila Anda tidak membayar lunas total tagihan bulanan maka perusahaan penerbit akan menghitung bukan berdasarkan satu billing cycle tapi dua billing cycle.
Untuk mengetahui bagaimana perusahaan penerbit menghitung bunga kartu kredit, sebaiknya Anda membaca dengan cermat dalam form aplikasi yang ada atau Anda dapat menanyakan kepada perusahaan tersebut metode apa yang dipakai.
Kelima, informasi yang tidak kalah pentingnya adalah menyangkut tenggat waktu dan masa jatuh tempo tagihan, karena justru disinilah letak keutungan menggunakan kartu kredit. Makin lama tenggat waktu jatuh temponya (grace period) semakin besar keuntungan pemegang kartu kredit. Infromasi ini dapat Anda peroleh dengan menanyakan langsung ke perusahaan penerbit.
Untuk dapat memaksimalkan keberadaaan grace period, ada dua hal penting yang harus diperhatikan yaitu tanggal penggunaan kartu kredit dan tanggal cetak tagihan. Dengan melakukan pembelanjaan pada waktu yang tepat dapat memaksimalkan grace period. Berikut kami berikan contohnya :
Dari contoh pertama, berarti pengguna kartu memiliki waktu tenggang pembayaran dalam 29 hari, di mana ia tidak dikenai bunga apapun apabila melunasinya dalam waktu tersebut. Bahkan pada contoh kedua waktu tenggang lebih lama lagi, yaitu mencapai 52 hari.
Kendati kartu kredit sudah menjadi ikon bagi masyarakat kelas mene-ngah di kota-kota besar, toh masih banyak yang belum mengerti cara pemakaian kartu kredit dengan bijak. Tak jarang, perbulannya sebagian besar pendapatan gaji justru habis untuk membayar bunga kartu kredit. Makanya kami menyarankan bagi semua pemegang kartu kredit agar:
3 Disiplin dalam menggunakan kartu kredit. Usahakan penggunaan kartu kredit memang sudah dianggarkan dalam keuangan keluarga. Ibarat Anda menggunakan uang tunai tapi dengan kelebihan tenggat waktu.
3 Bila saran pertama dapat Anda jalani, maka ada baiknya bila Anda mengalihkan pengeluaran-pengeluaran rutin, seperti bayar telepon, listrik dan lain-lain ke dalam kartu kredit.
3 Jangan pernah Anda mengambil uang tunai melalui ATM dengan kartu kredit Anda, bukan hanya bunga besar tapi juga beban biaya dan penerapan perhitungan bunga langsung. Pengecualian—keadaan darurat.
3 Sebaiknya jangan hanya membayar cicilan minimun setiap bulan. Karena beban bunga bulanan yang bisa mencapai 3,5 persen. Dengan perhitungan bunga berbunga maka bunga utang kartu kredit Anda bisa lebih dari 40 persen. Bukan main besarnya.
3 Batasi kepemilikan hanya 3 kartu kredit.
Semoga pembahasan kali ini dapat membantu Anda dalam menggunakan kartu kredit dengan lebih bijak dan Anda terlepas dari utang yang berkepanjangan.

Meski cuma sepotong plastik, kartu kredit bisa membuat hidup lebih nyaman, asal dikelola secara betul. Kalau tidak, kenyamanan itu bisa berbalik

2008-07-04T20:13:00.000-07:00

Meski cuma sepotong plastik, kartu kredit bisa membuat hidup lebih nyaman, asal dikelola secara betul. Kalau tidak, kenyamanan itu bisa berbalik jadi beban karena harus menanggung berbagai biaya yang tak perlu. Tulisan berikut menawarkan sikap dan perilaku arif yang idealnya dilakukan pemegang kartu kredit.

Kartu kredit sudah menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari kehidupan sebagian orang yang hidup di perkotaan. Jangan heran kalau melirik isi dompet mereka, tersembul bahkan tak hanya satu tapi sederet kartu kredit. Semakin banyak, semakin bangga. "Itu artinya, kita dipercaya bank," begitu kilah mereka kalau ditanya alasan memiliki sederet kartu. Padahal, kartu plastik itu tak lebih dari alat untuk menggampangkan orang mengutang atau mengkredit dalam jumlah maksimal yang ditentukan.

Memang sampai akhir 1996 Asosiasi Kartu Kredit Indonesia (AKKI) mencatat, di Indonesia baru beredar 1,8 juta lembar kartu kredit (kalau digelar, panjang deretan kartu ini bisa mencapai 153 km, kira-kira sama dengan jarak Jakarta - Bandung). Namun nilai transaksinya mencapai Rp 7,3 triliun dari sekitar 110 juta transaksi!

"Uang plastik" itu ada empat jenisnya, tiga produk luar negeri, yakni Visa, Master Cards, dan Amex, serta satu produk dalam negeri, yaitu BCA Cards. Penerbitnya pun sudah mencapai 21 perusahaan, sebagian besar lembaga perbankan.

Pertumbuhan jumlah pemegang kartu kredit tadi memang tak terlepas dari kemudahan dan iming-iming menggiurkan yang ditawarkan penerbit, serta semakin banyaknya merchant (pedagang barang dan jasa) yang mau menerima pembayaran dengan kartu kredit. Di samping kepraktisan yang melekat; pemegang kartu tak perlu menjejali dompetnya dengan uang kontan. Dompet cukup diisi uang "pecahan" secukupnya untuk keperluan yang tidak bisa dibayar dengan kartu kredit.

PASSPORT

2008-07-04T20:11:00.001-07:00

PASSPORT
Paspor adalah dokumen resmi yang dikeluarkan oleh pejabat yang berwenang dari suatu negara yang memuat identitas pemegangnya dan berlaku untuk melakukan perjalanan antar negara.

Paspor berisi biodata pemegangnya, yang meliputi antara lain, foto pemegang, tanda tangan, tempat dan tanggal kelahiran, informasi kebangsaan dan terkadang juga beberapa informasi lain mengenai identifikasi individual. Ada kalanya pula sebuah paspor mencantumkan daftar negara yang tidak boleh dimasuki oleh si pemegang paspor itu. Sebagai contoh, dahulu pemegang paspor Indonesia sempat dilarang berkunjung ke negara Israel dan Taiwan.

Saat ini beberapa negara telah mengeluarkan apa yang disebut e-paspor atau elektronik paspor. e-paspor merupakan pengembangan dari paspor kovensional saat ini dimana pada paspor tersebut telah ditanamkan sebuah chip yang berisikan biodata pemegangnya beserta data biometrik-nya, data biometrik ini disimpan dengan maksud untuk lebih meyakinkan bahwa orang yang memegang paspor adalah benar orang yang memiliki dan berhak atas paspor tersebut.

Paspor biasanya diperlukan untuk perjalanan internasional karena harus ditunjukkan ketika memasuki perbatasan suatu negara, walaupun di negara tertentu ada beberapa perjanjian dimana warga suatu negara tertentu dapat memasuki negara lain dengan dokumen selain paspor. Paspor akan diberi cap (stempel) atau disegel dengan visa yang dilakukan oleh petugas negara tempat kedatangan.

VISA
Visa adalah sebuah dokumen yang dikeluarkan oleh sebuah negara memberikan seseorang ijin untuk masuk ke negara tersebut dalam suatu periode waktu dan tujuan tertentu.

Kebanyakan negara membutuhkan kepemilikan visa asli untuk dapat masuk bagi warga negara asing, meskipun ada skema lain. Visa biasanya distempel atau ditempel di paspor penerima.

Air Dapat Menghemat Pemakaian Bahan Bakar

2008-07-04T20:10:00.001-07:00

BERITA - otomotif.infogue.com - JAKARTA,KAMIS - Tingginya potensi tenaga ledakan yang dapat dihasilkan oleh hidrogen menunjukkan betapa hidrogen memiliki potensi yang besar pula untuk menggerakkan mesin mobil atau motor. Dengan tarikan sedikit saja, mesin sudah bisa meluncur dengan cepat.

Belum lagi fakta bahwa tarikan yang sedikit membuat bahan bakar yang digunakan makin sedikit. Maka bukan hal yang gendeng jika Joko Sutrisno, warga Pakuncen Yogyakarta menggabungkan air dengan bahan bakar bensin ataupun solar untuk menghemat pemakaian bahan bakar. Berbekal air suling, Kalium Hidroksida (KOH), dan beberapa alat, Joko yakin dapat menghemat pemakaian bahan bakar hampir 80 persen.

"Bahan peledak bensin jika ditambah hidrogen, daya ledaknya jadi luar biasa. Pedal nggak usah kuat-kuat ditekan, kecepatannya sudah sama. Tentu saja berpengaruh ke sedotan bensin oleh mesin," ujar Joko ketika ditemui .com di Hotel Maharaja, Jakarta, Kamis (19/6). Dalam demo yang dilakukannya di depan .com di halaman parkir Hotel Maharaja, Joko menunjukkan 'khasiat' hidrogen dalam menghasilkan ledakan dan daya dorong pada potongan mesin motor.

Hasilnya, dahsyat. Ledakannya cukup kuat dan dorongannya sangat cepat. Ledakan yang kuat dan dorongan yang sangat cepat itu sebenarnya dihasilkan oleh hidrogen yang telah terperangkap dalam air sabun pada demo ini. Begitu pula yang akan terjadi pada mesin mobil misalnya.

Campuran air suling dan KOH yang diberi listrik akan memisahkan gas hidrogen dan oksigen. Kemudian gas hidrogen dialirkan ke manipol sehingga bertemu dengan gas dari bensin atau solar yang sudah dibakar. Kemudian campuran kedua gas ini akan masuk ke piston dan diledakkan oleh busi sebagai pemantiknya.

"Air yang harus digunakan harus air suling, biasanya Aquades atau air hujan sekalian. Perbandingannya, satu liter air, ditambah kira-kira tiga gram KOH," ujar Joko. Campuran air suling dan KOH memang memerlukan tempat khusus sehingga Joko membuat tabung-tabung sederhana yang telah dirakit dengan alat-alat lain, seperti elektroda.

Untuk mobil, tabungnya berbentuk botol aki yang berbentuk kotak, sedangkan untuk motor, tabungnya berbentuk tabung botol kecap yang biasa ditemui di rumah-rumah makan.

"Tabungnya harus dari plastik tapi jangan tebal supaya kalau terjadi ledakan tidak terlalu berbahaya," ujar Joko. Resiko ledakan sama sekali tidak menimbulkan api dan panas karena memang begitulah sifat hidrogen. Selain itu, ledakan juga selalu mengarah ke atas, bukan ke samping sehingga memperkecil resiko merusak habis tabung tersebut.

Demo yang dilakukan Joko Sutrisno dilakukan hampir bersamaan dengan demo yang juga dilakukan Djoko Suprapto di Nganjuk, Jawa Timur. Teknologi yang diperlihatkan keduanya ternyata mirip, bukan mengubah menjadi bahan bakar, melainkan hanya menggunakan air untuk menghemat penggunaan bahan bakar.

Kartu Kredit

2008-07-04T20:06:00.000-07:00

“Memberi Makna Pada Setiap Transaksi”

Kartu kredit dewasa ini bukan sekedar gaya hidup, tetapi merupakan kebutuhan bagi masyarakat modern untuk menunjang semua aktivitas dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari. Semua keperluan bisnis maupun pribadi, mulai dari membiayai perjalanan dinas, menjamu klien hingga biaya kelahiran si kecil, belanja kebutuhan harian atau berlibur bersama keluarga tercinta, dapat di penuhi oleh Kartu Kredit BNI.

Dengan akseptasi yang luas di seluruh dunia, Kartu Kredit BNI memberikan makna pada setiap transaksi. Dua pilihan produk Kartu Kredit BNI—VISA atau MasterCard—memberi jaminan penerimaan transaksi di jutaan tempat perbelanjaan di seluruh dunia.
Kartu Kredit BNI juga dapat memberikan solusi pengeluaran kantor Anda dengan lebih efisien dengan BNI VISA Corporate Card.

Anda yang menjadi almamater perguruan tinggi atau anggota dari institusi non profit, dapat menunjukkan jati diri Anda sekaligus memberikan kontribusi bagi institusi tersebut dengan memiliki Kartu Kredit Affinity.

Nikmati berbagai fasilitas dan layanan produk kartu kredit dari Bank BNI:

BNI MasterCard
BNI VISA
BNI VISA PLATINUM
BNI VISA Corporate Card
BNI VISA Affinity Card : ITB Card, IPB Card, Kadin Jakarta Card,dll.

Dengan persyaratan yang mudah dan serta bunga yang ringan hanya 2,85% per bulan, Kartu Kredit BNI merupakan pilihan yang tepat untuk kemudahan transaksi Anda sehari–hari. Untuk keterangan lebih lanjut hubungi Layanan Telepon 24 Jam BNI Call di (021) 5789-9999 atau 68888 dari ponsel Anda.

Keistimewaan Kartu Kredit Standard Chartered Bank

2008-07-04T20:01:00.000-07:00

Keistimewaan Kartu Kredit Standard Chartered Bank

Transfer Kredit
Fasilitas bunga ringan dengan cicilan tetap setiap bulan dan pilihan jangka waktu untuk setiap pemindahan saldo tagihan Kartu Kredit Anda dari Bank lain.
0% SteadyPay
Fasilitas cicilan tetap bunga ringan untuk berbagai macam barang pilihan. Untuk harga terkini hubungi SteadyPay Centre Standard Chartered Bank di (021) 57 999 131.
SteadyPay By Phone
Semua bisa dicicil. Apapun transaksi pembelanjaan Anda di mana saja dengan Kartu Kredit Standard Chartered dapat dibayar dengan cicilan tetap bunga ringan, dan bebas memilih jangka waktu sesuai kemampuan. Hubungi Call Centre di (021) 57 9999 88.
EZ-Bill
Nikmati kemudahan auto debit dari kartu kredit Anda, Anda dapat menggabungkan tagihan-tagihan rutin bulanan ke dalam satu tagihan, yaitu Kartu Kredit Standard Chartered.
Standard Chartered Travel Hotline
Fasilitas layanan travel agent melalui telepon untuk membantu Anda melakukan perjalanan wisata maupun bisnis dengan nyaman dan penawaran paket-paket perjalanan eksklusif dengan harga menarik. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, hubungi: (021) 386 0883.
Penawaran Khusus dan Eksklusif
Kejutan program istimewa bagi pemegang kartu Emas dan Platinum.

Alamat Kedutaan Besar dan Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Luar Negeri

2008-07-04T19:58:00.001-07:00

Alamat Kedutaan Besar dan Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Luar Negeri

1. Indonesian Consulate General - Hongkong Address : 127-129eighton Road, Couseway Bay, Hongkong

2. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Australia Address : 8, Darwin Avenue, Yarralumia, Canberra A.C.T 2600

3. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Austria Address : Gustav Tshermak-Gasse 5-7, A-1180, Vienna

4. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Bangladesh Address : Road No. 53, Plot No. 14, Gulshan 2, Dhaka 1212

5. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Belgium Address : 294 Avenue de Tervueren, Bruxelles 1150

6. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Beograd Address : Bulevar Mira-18, Beograd Serbia Montenegro E-mail : kombeojo@eunet.yu

7. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Brunei Darussalam Address : Kampung Sungai Hanching Baru, Simpang 528, Lot 4498, Jalan Muara, Bandar Seri Begawan X 1930

8. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Buenos Aires Addess : Mariscal Ramon Castilla 2901, 1425 - Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina

9. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Bulgary Address : 53, Simenovsko Shosse, Residence No. 4, Sofia 1126

10. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Cambodia Address : No. 90 Norodom Boulevard, Phnom Penh

11. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Canada Address : 5 Park Dale Avenue, Ottawa K1Y E5 Canada.

12. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Colombia Address : Transversal 19 A No. 114 A-36, Santafe de Bogota

13. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Czech Republic Address : Nad Budankami II/7, 150 00, Smichov, Praha 5

14. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Denmark Address : Orehoy Alle 1, 2900 Hellerup, Copenhagen

15. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Ethiopia Address : Mekanissa Road, Higher 23, Kebele 13, House No. 1816, Addis Ababa

16. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Finland Address : Kuusisaarentie 3, Helsinki 00340

17. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - France Address : 47-49 Rue Cortambert, Paris 75116

18. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Germany Address : Bernkasteler Strasse 2, Bonn 53175

19. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Havana Address : 5ta Avenida # 1607 Miramar, La Habana Cuba E-mail : indonhav@ceniai.inf.cu

20. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Hungary Address : 1068, Varosligeti Fasor, Budapest

21. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - India Address : 50 A, Canakyapuri, New Delhi 110021

22. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Japan Address : 5-2-9 Higashi Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-002

23. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Lima Address : Av. Javier Prado Oeste 1890 esq. Los Castanos 181, San Isdiro, Lima - Peru Telp. : 0051-1-222-4088/89/90 Fax : 0051-1-421-1671 E-mail : kbrilima@terra.com.pe

24. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Madrid Address : Calle Agastia, 65 28043 Madrid Telefonos: (43.91)413.02.94, 413.03.94, 413.05.94 Fax.: (34.91)413.89.94 E-mail: kbri@embajadadeindonesia.es

25. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Malaysia Address : 233, Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 50400

26. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Mexico Address : Julio Verne No. 27, Col Polanco, Mexico D.F, 11560

27. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Netherlands Address : Tobias Asseriaan 8, Den Haag 2517 KC

28. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - New Zealand Address : 70 Glen Road Kelburn, Wellington

29. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Norway Address : Gange-Rolvsgata No. 5, Oslo 0273

30. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Pakistan Address : Diplomatic Enclave 1, Street 5, Ramna G 5/4, Islamabad

31. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Poland Address : UI Wachocka No. 9, Saska Kepa, 03-934, Warsawa 00-950

32. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Romania Address : Strade Orlando, nr 10, sector 1, Bucharest

33. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Slovak Republic Address : Murdronova No. 51, Bratislava 81103

34. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - South Africa Address : 949 Schoeman Street, Arcadia, Pretoria 0028

35. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Suriname dan Guyana (123 hits)Address : 3, Van Brussellaan, Uitvlugt, Paramaribo

36. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Sweden (108 hits)Address : Singelbacken No. 12, Stockholm S-11521

37. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Switzerland Address : Elfenauweg 51, 3006 Bern

38. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Tehran Address: Ghaemmagham Farahani Ave., No. 210. PO Box: 11365/456, Tehran, Iran Tel. : (98-21) 8717251; Fax: (98-21) 8718822

39. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Turkey Address : Abdullah Cevdet Sokak No. 10, Cankaya, Ankara 06880

40. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Ukraine Address : Vul Dmitrievska 18/24, IIth Floor, Kyiv 252135

41. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - United Kingdom Address : 38, Grosvenor Square, London W1X 9AD

42. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - United State of America Address : 2020 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W, Washington, D.C 20036

43. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Windhoek Address: 103 Nelson Mandela Avenue, WINDHOEK Tel; 264-61-2851000 Fax: 264-61-2851231 e-mail: kbriwindhoek@afro-indonesia.org ; kbri@iafrica.com.na

44. The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia - Zimbabwe Address : 3, Duthie Avenue, Belgravia, Harare

Alamat Kedutaan Besar dan Konsulat Jenderal Republik Indonesia di Luar Negeri

2008-07-04T19:58:00.000-07:00

Alamat kedutaan Asing di Indonesia

2008-07-04T19:57:00.000-07:00

1. Ambassade De France Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 20 Jakarta Pusat 10350

2. Australian Embassy Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. C15-16, Kuningan, Jakarta 12940

3. British Embassy Jl. M.H. Thamrin 75 , Jakarta 10310

4. Deutsche Botschaft Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 1 Jakarta 10310

5. Embassy of Finland Menara Rajawali, 9th Floor, Jl. Mega Kuningan Lot #5.1, Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

6. Embassy of Greece Alamat Kantor : Plaza 89, Suite 1203, 12th Floor, Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. X-7, No. 6, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 Telepon : (021) 520-7776 Fax : (021) 520-7753

7. Embassy of India Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. S-1, Kuningan, Jakarta

8. Embassy of Islamic Republic of Iran Jl. H.O.S. Cokroaminoto 110, Menteng, Jakarta 10310

9. Embassy of Italy Jl. Diponegoro 45, Menteng, Jakarta 10310

10. Embassy of Japan Jakarta

11. Embassy of Sweden Menara Rajawali, 9th Floor, Jl. Mega Kuningan Lot #5.1, Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

12. Embassy of Switzerland Alamat Kantor : Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Blok X-3/2 Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 Telepon : (021) 525-6061, 520-7451 Fax: (021) 525-6061, 520-7451

13. Embassy of the Czech Republic Jl. Gereja Theresia 20, Jakarta Pusat 10350

14. Embassy of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Alamat Kantor : Jl. Teluk Betung No. 1-2 Menteng Jakarta Pusat Telepon : (021) 3190-8425/6 Fax : (021) 3190-8427

15. Embassy of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Jl. Denpasar Raya Blok A 13, Kav. 01-02, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

16. Embassy of The People's Republic of China Jl. Mega Kuningan No. 2 Jakarta Selatan 12950

17. Embassy of the Republic of Croatia Menara Mulia, Suite 2101, Jl. Gatot Subroto Kav. 9-11, Jakarta 12930

18. Embassy of the Republic of Hungary Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. X/3, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

19. Embassy of The Republic of South Africa Wisma GKBI, Suite 705, 7th Floor, Jl. Jenferal Sudirman, Kav. 28 Jakarta 10210

20. Embassy of The United State of America Jl. Merdeka Selatan No. 4-5 Jakarta 10110

21. Royal Danish Embassy Menara Rajawali, 25th Floor, Jl. Mega Kuningan, Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

22. Royal Norwegian Embassy Alamat Kantor : Menara Rajawali Building, 25th Floor, Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 Telepon : (021) 576-1523 Fax : (021) 576-1537

23. Singapore Embassy Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. No. 2 - Blok X/4, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

24. The Canadian Embassy World Trade Centre, 6th Floor. Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 29-31 Jakarta 12920

25. The Royal Netherlands Embassy Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. S-3, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950

(dry battery

2008-07-04T19:55:00.000-07:00

Pemakaian aki kering (dry battery) memang terasa sangat praktis. Karena selama pemakaian tak perlu repot-repot lagi memeriksa atau menambah larutan pengisinya. Lain halnya dengan pemakaian jenis aki basah (konvensional) yang selama ini kita kenal. Pengguna aki jenis basah harus lebih rajin untuk memeriksa dan mengisi air aki.

Mungkin karena selama pemakaiannya terasa lebih praktis itulah, membuat banyak orang tertarik untuk memakai jenis aki kering yang di Eropa dan Amerika populer dengan sebutan maintenance free battery ini. Meskipun harganya lebih mahal dibandingkan aki konvensional, aki kering tetap dianggap lebih efisien. Karena disamping tak perlu lagi mengisi air aki selama pemakaian, umurnya pun bisa mencapai 3 hingga 4 tahun. Sementnara itu pada aki jenis konvensional, pengguna harus selalu rajin memeriksa dan menambah air aki. Jika sampai teledor atau kelupaan untuk memeriksanya secara berkala, bisa membuat aki cepat rusak. Namun bila terawat dengan baik aki ini juga bisa bertahan dalam waktu lumayan lama dari 2 hingga 4 tahun.

Bagi pemilik kendaraan yang mengutamakan kepraktisan (tak mau terlalu direpotkan untuk mengurus aki) atau yang awam mengenai seluk beluk perawatan aki, akan lebih cocok dan menyukai pemakaian aki kering. Namun sayangnya dari berbagai keunggulan aki kering tersebut, ada juga beberapa kekurangannya. Seperti jika dilihat dari harganya, aki maintenance free lebih mahal hingga 2 atau bahkan 3 kali lipat dibanding dengan aki konvensional. Sehingga pemakai aki kering kebanyakan terbatas pada kendaraan-kendaraan kelas menengah (biasanya kendaraan komersial) "cukup puas" dengan memakai aki konvensional pada kendaraannya.

Satu lagi yang banyak ditemui dan dikeluhkan oleh pengguna aki kering, ternyata aki jenis ini kurang begitu sesuai untuk iklim tropis seperti di Indonesia. Dimana musim panasnya cukup panjang (6 bulan). Apalagi pada saat yang lebih khusus lagi, seperti sering mengalami kemacetan lalu lintas atau medan yang dilalui cukup berat. Sehingga suhu mesin dan sekitarnya meningkat hingga pada akhirnya berpengaruh terhadap keawetan aki kering.
Pada dasarnya penyebutan aki kering hanyalah sekedar istilah. Ternyata memang di dalam aki jenis ini tak sepenuhnya "kering", sebab terdapat gel (larutan padat) pada sel-selnya sebagai pengganti peran air aki seperti pada aki konvensional. Bila ski mengalami cuaca yang panas secara terus-menerus (panjang) seperti pada iklim tropis di Indonesia, ternyata terjadi penguapan pada gelnya, sehingga lama kelamaan jadi benar-benar kering dan tak berbentuk gel lagi. Padahal pada jenis aki ini tak mengenal penambahan air aki (bebas perawatan). Akhirnya pada saat gel mengering tentu saja aki jadi tak berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan atau bisa dikatakan rusak. Hal inilah yang menjadi masalah, sehingga menyebabkan aki kering jadi tak berumur panjang.

Karena kurang sesuai dengan iklim tropis tersebut, aki kering di Indonesia bisa dinilai pemakainnya pun jadi kurang ekonomis lagi karena harganya yang lebih mahal, tetapi jangka waktu pemakaiannya tak begitu lama seperti yang diharapkan. Sampai kini para peneliti di berbagai perusahaan aki terkemuka di dunia terus mencari upaya agar gel yang cepat mengering pada iklim tropis dapat dicari solusinya. Sementera ini teknologi yang cukup memberikan solusi adalah mengembangkan kombinasi jenis kering dan basah (hybrid), yaitu aki kering yang diberik lubang pengisian cairan untuk menjaga agar gelnya tidak kering. Pada kutub positifnya terdapat bahan kalsium, sedangkan pada kutub negatifnya terbuat dari bahan timah.

Dengan model sistem ini, aki hybrid bisa lebih awet di daerah tropis karena pada prinsipnya tetap diberi cairean secara berkala, misalnya setiap 6 bulan agar gel-nya tak kering sehingga usia dry battery yang mahal ini bisa bertahan seusai umurnya antara 3 hingga 4 tahun.

Waspada Bahaya Korsleting!

Jika kita kurang menaruh perhatian terhadap perawatan aki, akan dapat menyebabkan umur pemakaiannya pendek atau cepat rusak. Sebenarnya tak sesederhana itu, aki yang tidak terawat bukan saja akan membuat aki tersebut tak awet dan mengganggu kinerja mobil, tapi juga beresiko meledak. Walaupun kasus meledaknya aki tak sering terjadi, tapi jika perawatan dan kebersihannya kurang, ditambah juga faktor sembrono seseorang membuat kemungkinannya jadi semakin besar.

Yang perlu diperhitungkan adalah jika betul-betul aki sampai meledak, akan menimbulkan berbagai kerusakan cukup berarti. Sebab semburan air aki yang bersifat korosif dan merusak komparteman mesin, pipa, juga sistem kabel. Bahkan bisa saja terjadi saat kita sedang membuka kap mesin dan berdiri cukup dekat dengan aki. Hingga tak mungkin lagi menghindari semburan larutan air aki yang dapat mencederai badan kita. Jadi perlu antisipasi berbagai hal yang dapat menyebabkan kejadian tersebut.

Ada berbagai kemungkinan penyebab terjadinya ledakan pada aki. Seperti kita ketahui, baterai menghasilkan arus listrik dari reaksi kimia. Dari reaksi kimia tersebut terbentuk satu unsur gas, yaitu hidrogen. Dimana hidrogen adalah gas yang sangat mudah terbakar. Karena dari reaksi kimia dalam baterai akan timbul panas, ditambah lagi suhu kompartemen mesin yang tinggi (bisa karena overheat) dapat membuat gas hidrogen ini tersembur menguap keluar. Bahaya mengancam bila saat itu terjadi korsleting (arus pendek) sehingga timbul loncatan/percikan api di sekitar kutub baterai. Jika secara kebetulan gas hidrogen terpercik api tersebut, bisa dibayangkan apa yang terjadi. Buuum!!! Terjadilah ledakan.

Sumber percikan api bisa saja dari aki itu sendiri, atau bisa pula karena keteledoran penggunanya. Pernah terjadi gara-gara mengutak-atik mesin di samping aki sambil merokok, kemudian api rokok itu tersambar uap hidrogen yang menguap dari aki itu sendiri.

Pemicu percikan api yang lain adalah sentuhan antnar plat di dalam aki. Dengan bertambahnya usia pakai aki, permukaan air aki menjadi turun hingga membuat plat bagian atas tak lagi terendam air aki. Hal ini lama kelamaan bisa menyebabkan plat melengkung. Ketika kunci starter diputar, permintaan akan arus listrik dalam jumlah besar untuk menggerakan motor starter bisa menyebabkan plat bengkok itu jadi lentur yang bisa saja bersentuhan dengan plat lainnya hingga terjadi korsleting dan menimbulkan percikan api. Sebaiknya, selalu dijaga agar larutan selalu pada batas level yang ditentukan. Jika larutan berada pada dibawah level lower, menyebabkan larutan terlalu pekat dan dapat merusak separator aki. Untuk menghindari hal ini perlu ditambah aquades. Penyebab korsleting yang paling sering adalah kutub-kutub aki dan sistem kabel yang kotor. Kotoran itu menghambat jalannya arus listrik dan bisa menimbulkan loncatan bunga api pada saat menstarter kendaraan. Oleh sebab itu sangat penting untuk menjaga kebersihan kutub-kutub dan kabel-kabel pada aki. Usahakan selalu bersih dari kotoran, air, dan karat.

Ada lagi penyebab terjadinya ledakan aki yang lain, yaitu karena kesalahan pada saat men-jumper. Kebanyakan pelaku membuat kesalahan dengan memasang kabel jumper ke aki yang bagus (kuat), kemudian menyambungkan ke aki s oak (lemah). Hal ini bisa menyebabkan timbulnya percikan api. Biasakan untuk memasang kabel jumper pada aki lemah lebih dahulu, sebelum disambungkan ke aki yang normal.

Keadaan Darurat, Jumper Saja!

Jika suatu saat kondisi aki tak normal atau tekor, tentu akan mengganggu sistem penyalaan awal (start) pada mesin. Perlu diketahui pada saat menstarter mobil dibutuhkan arus yang cukup besar dari aki. Karena aki tak normal, arus yang dihasilkan

pada saat itu tak cukup besar untuk menggerakkan motor starter. Hal ini membuat mesin tak mampu dihidupkan atau dijalankan alias mogok. Untuk menghidupkan mesin, orang sering melakukan dengan jalan mendorong mobil. Tetapi hal ini tentu saja membutuhkan tenaga dan bantuan orang lain agar cukup kuat mendorong mobil. Cara lain yang bersifat darurat adalah dengan meminta bantuan pengendara mobil lain utnuk menghidupkannya. Istilah umumnya adalah men-jumper antar aki. Tapi hal ini harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati. Jika tidak malah akan menyebabkan kerusakan pada Electronic Control Unit (ECU), terutama pada mobil yang menggunakan sistem injeksi atau Elecronic Fuel Injection (EFI).

Prosedurnya adalah, siapkan dulu kabel jumper dan posisikan kedua mobil berdekatan tapi tidak saling menyentuh. Matikan semua lampu, radio, AC, dan komponen elektronik lainnya. Jika kutub-kutub aki kedua mobil kotor sebaiknya bersihkan dulu. Buka tutup aki dan ganti dengan kain untuk mengurangi bahaya ledakan yang mungkin timbul.

Mesin mobil dengan aki normal (sehat) dihidupkan dan biarkan pada putaran idle (langsam) untuk beberapa saat. Hubungkan kabel jumper positif dari aki lemah ke baterai kuat, disusul kabel jumper negatif. Tunggu berapa saat, sekitar 3 menit. Jika pengisian aki dirasa cukup, cobalah menstarter mobil yang mogok. Setelah berhasil, lepaskan kabel jumper dengan urutan terbalik, kabel negatif dulu baru positif.

Kebiasaan memeriksa aki secara rutin akan sangat mempengaruhi usia pakai dan performa kerja perangkat penghasil arus listrik ini. Saat memeriksa berikan perhatian lebih untuk memeriksa kebocoran elektrolit, korosi konektor, keretakan pada tutup/kotak aki, dan kerenggangan pada komponen aki. Jangan lupa bersihkan pula kutub-kutub aki.

Aki Terawat, Kendaraan Aman dan Nyaman

Baterai atau aki (accu) jelas merupakan salah satu bagian penting dari kendaraan. Jika suatu saat aki kendaraan kita tak berfungsi dengan baik, maka kenikmatan dan kenyamanan dalam berkendara akan hilang. Bayangkan saja bila aki tak normal atau tekor, untuk menghidupkan mesin saja harus memerlukan bantuan orang lain buat mendorong kendaraan. Bagaimana jika aktivitas kita cukup tinggi dan waktu yang sangat terbatas? Yang jelas sangat menjengkelkan. Belum lagi masalah keamanan jika lampu-lampu sein dan klakson tak berfungsi karena aki tekor. Bisa sangat berbahaya kan? Untuk itu jangan anggap enteng peran aki mobil Anda.

Dari ulasan dia atas dapat disimpulkan, bahwa fungsi aki sangat penting bagi kendaraan. Akan tetapi ironisnya hanya sebagian kecil dari pemilik mobil yang rajin mengecek dan paham akan pentingnya perawatan aki, khususnya aki konvensional atau ada yang menyebut dengan aki basah.

Memeriksa kondisi aki yang paling mudah adalah lewat lampu, klakson, serta dinamo starter. Aki dapat diperkirakan bagus atau tidaknya dengan jalan menyalakan lampu utama, klakson, atau saat menghidupkan mesin mobil. Jika lampu utama menyala dengan redup, klakson lemah, atau dinamo starter tidak berputar atau berputar tapi lambat dan terasa berat, maka sudah dapat dipastikan pengisian muatan listrik pada aki mobil tidak bekerja dengan baik. Secara umum ada beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan selama pemakaian aki, seperti perawatan aki (basah) itu sendiri. Pada saat membeli aki yang baru, sebaiknya pilih aki yang belum terisi dengan larutan accu zuur (H2SO4). Jadi kita lebih yakin dengan kualitas accu zuur yang kita beli dan tuang sendiri. Di mana accu zuur yang diharapkan adalah yang mempunyai berat jenis 1,26 dan kadar impurity yang rendah.

Tuang accu zuur ke dalam 6 sel aki hingga standar level yang tertera atau 5 mm di atas separator. Setelah itu aki jangan langsung dipakai, sebaiknya diamkan dulu minimal 3 jam. Tujuannya adalah agar accu zuur telah cukup meresap (penetrasi) ke dalam plat aki. Jika ada peningkatan suhu pada aki (badan aki tersa hangat), berarti terjadi oksidasi pada plat. Untuk itu perlu menyetruman (charging), sampai mencapai voltase ang diharapkan.

Pastikan lubang pada dop (tutup aki) tidak tertutup, agar penguapan tak tertahan. Jangan lupa memeriksa, membersihkan, dan menambahkan air pengisi aki pada saat diperlukan. Periksa bagian luar aki, seperti tempat aki, tutup atau sumbat aki. Jika kurang sempurna, perbaiki atau ganti baru kemudian kencangkan mur penguncinya. Bersihkan kepala aki serta terminal kabel dengan sikat kawat kemudian oleskan sedikit gemuk/grease yang berkualitas baik, agar tahan terhadap panas dan karat. Kemudian hubungkan kembali masing-masing terminal dengan kepala aki, lalu kencangkan dengan baik mur serta baut-baut penguncinya. Jangan terlalu keras karena bahan timah pembuatnya mudah patah.

Selama dalam pemakaian, tinggi permukaan larutan elektrolit akan turun, karena larutan elektrolit akan jadi panas dan menguap pada saat pengisian muatan listrik (pada saat mesin mobil dihidupkan), karena itu periksa tinggi permukaan larutan elektrolit. Jika kurang dari yang ditentukan, tambahkan air suling. Air harus ditambahkan sampai tanda batas tertinggi upper level jangan kelebihan.

Jangan menunda mengisi air suling sampai permukaan elektrolit turun sedemikian rupa, sehingga lempengan atau sirip-sirip timbal pada bagian kutub positif dan k utub negatif muncul di atas permukaan larutan elektrolit, atau di bawah tanda Lower Level. Kekurangan larutan elektrolit seperti ini akan mengakibatkan plat jadi putih sehingga tidak dapat dipergunakan lagi.

Battery Load Tester

Alat ini sering terdapat pada bengkel-bengkel aki. Dengan memakai alat ini akan dapat diketahui kondisi aki (Battery Condition). Jika kondisi aki normal dan baik, saat dilakukan pengetesan, jarum penunjuk akan menunjuk pada area "OK". Sebaliknya jika aki sudah tidak normal, jarum tak akan sampai pada daerah "OK" tersebut. Kerusakan pada aki ini bisa karena elemen yang rusak, separator yang bocor, dan sebagainya.

Kegunaan lainnya adalah dapat membaca berapa arus listrik (State of Charge) yang bisa dikeluarkan oleh aki. Ada kalanya arus listrik yang dihasilkan oleh aki tak sesuai dengan speknya. Misalkan saja tertulis 60 Ampere-Hours. Ini berarti selama 20 jam (standar) aki harus mampu mengangkat beban kerja sebsar 3 Ampere (60-20). Jika sebelum waktu 20 jam arus aki telah habis, berarti kemampuan aki tersebut kurang dari 60 Ampere.

Satu lagi, alat ini dapat dipakai sebagai patokan saat jalannya pengisian aki (Charging System). Fungsinya mirip voltmeter. Jadi dapat menghindari terjadinya pengisian yang berlebih (Over charge).

Hidrometer

Sebagai tambahan, isi muatan listrik larutan elektrolit bisa dicek melalui pengukuran Berat Jenis Elektrolit (BJE). Berat jenis elektrolit turun sebanding dengan besar berkurangnya muatan listrik setelah aki terpakai. Maka isi muatan dapat ditentukan dengan mengukur berat jenis elektrolitnya. Jika berat jenis larutan elektrolit turun dibawah 1.200, maka aki perlu mendapat tambahan pengisisan mautan listrik segera. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur berat jenis larutan atau density adalah hidrometer. Dengan alat ini dapat diketahui tingkat kelayakan density larutan pengisi aki, dimana normalnya 1.260 sampai 1.280. Pada alat ini angka normal kelayakan larutan aki ditandai dengan warna dasar hijau. Berat jenis yang menandakan bahwa aki sudah hampir habis. Angka density-nya berada antara 1.225 samapi 1.250. Pada hidrometer daerah density ini berwarna dasar putih. Meskipun aki masih bisa dipakai, tetapi tak lama kemudian pasti akan segera turun lagi densitynya. Untuk itu harus segera disetrum (chargeing) lagi. Sedangkan bila daerah density dengan warna dasar merah antara 1.220 sampai dengan 1.110 menandakan aki tak akan bisa mampu menghasilkan arus sesuai dengan kemampuannya.

ALAMAT kEDUBES

2008-07-04T19:54:00.000-07:00

Berikut ini merupakan alamat kedutaan besar negara sahabat, dari negara-negara Asia, Eropa, Afrika, Amerika, dan Australia. Data berupa alamat dan nomor telepon, ada juga beberapa yang memiliki website resmi.

Embassy Listings of Asia, Eropa, Australia, and Amerika in Indonesia :

Embassy of Afghanistan
Jl. Dr. Kusumaatmaja S.H. 15, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 314-3169
Fax : (021) 335-390
Email: afghanembassy_indo@yahoo.com

Embassy of South Afrika
Wisma GKBI, 7th Floor, Suite 705
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 28, Jakarta 10210
Telepon : (021) 574-0660
Fax : (021) 574-0661
Email: saembjak@centrin.net.id
Website: www.saembassy-jakarta.or.id

Perwakilan Albania untuk Indonesia
2952, Jl. Bukit Ledang, Off Jalan Duta,
Kuala Lumpur 50480, Malaysia
Phone: (60-3) 2093-7808, 2093-8102
Fax: (60-3) 253-7359

Embassy of Algeria/Aljazair
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. 10-1
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-4719 / 525-4809
Fax : (021) 525-4654
Email: ambaljak@cbn.net.id
Website: www.algeria-id.org

Embassy of Amerika Serikat at Jakarta
Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 5, Jakarta 10110
Telepon : (021) 3435-9000
Fax : (021) 386-2259
Email: jakconsul@state.gov
Website: www.usembassyjakarta.org

Embassy of Amerika Serikat at Bali
Jl. Hayam Wuruk 188 Denpasar - Bali, Indonesia
Phone: (62-361) 233-605
Fax: (62-361) 222-426

Embassy of Amerika Serikat at Surabaya
Jl. Raya Dr. Sutomo No. 33
Surabaya, Jawa Timur
Phone: (62-31) 568-2287, 568-2288
Fax: (62-31) 567-4492

Embassy of Arab Saudi
Jl. M.T. Haryono, Kav. 27 Jakarta 13630
Telepon: (021) 801-1553 / 801-1537
Fax : (021) 801-1527

Embassy of Argentina
Menara Mulia Building, 19th Floor, Suite 1901
Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto, Kav. 9-11
Jakarta 12930
Telepon : (021) 526-5661
Fax : (021) 526-5664

Embassy of Australia
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. C15-16
Jakarta 12940, Indonesia
Telepon : (021) 522-7111
Fax : (021) 522-7101

Embassy of Austria
Jl. Diponegoro 44, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 338-090 / 338-101 / 310-7451
Fax : (021) 390-4927

Embassy of Bangladesh
Jl. Denpasar Raya 3, Block A-13
Kav. 10, Kuningan Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-1986 / 522-1574
Fax : (021)526-1807

Embassy of Belanda
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. S-3, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-1515
Fax : (021) 570-0734

Embassy of Belgia
Deutsche Bank Building 16th Floor
Jl. Imam Bonjol 80, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 316-2030
Fax : (021) 316-2035

Embassy of Brasil
Menara Mulia Building, 16th Floor, Suite 1602
Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto Kav. 9-11
Jakarta 12390
Telepon : (021) 526-5656
Fax : (021) 526-5659

Embassy of Brunei Darussalam
Wisma GKBI, Suite 1901
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman 28, Jakarta 10210
Telepon : (021) 574-1437 / 574-1438 / 574-1439
Fax : (021) 574-1463

Embassy of Bulgaria
Jl. Imam Bonjol 34-36, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 390-4048 / 390-4049

Embassy of Chile
Bina Mulia I building, 7th Floor
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. 10, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-1131
Fax : (021) 520-1955

Embassy of Cina
Mega Kuningan No.2, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 576-1037 / 576-1038 / 576-1039
Fax : (021) 576-1034

Embassy of Czech (Ceko)
P.O. Box 1319
Jl. Gereja Theresia 20, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 390-4075 / 390-4077
Fax : (021) 336-282

Embassy of Denmark
Bina Mulia Building, 4th Floor
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. 10, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520.4350
Fax : (021) 520-1962

Embassy of Emirat Arab
Jl. Sisingamangaraja C-4, Kav. 16-17
Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-6518 / 520-6552
Fax : (021) 520-6526

Embassy of Filipina
Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 6-8
Menteng, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 310-0302 / 314-9329 / 310-0334
Fax : (021) 315-9773 / 315-1167

Embassy of Finlandia
Bina Mulia Building I, 10th Floor
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. 10, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-7408
Fax : (021) 525-2033

Embassy of Hungaria
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. X No. 3
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-3459 / 520-3460
Fax : (021) 520-3461

Embassy of India
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, S-1, Kuningan
Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-4150 / 520-4152 / 520-4157
Fax : (021) 520-4160

Embassy of Inggris
Jl. M.H. Thamrin 75, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 315-6264
Fax : (021) 314-1824 / 390-2726 / 390-7493

Embassy of Iran
Jl. H.O.S. Cokroaminoto 110
Telepon : (021) 331-391 / 334-637 / 331-378
Fax : (021) 310-7860

Embassy of Irak
Jl. Teuku Umar 38, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 390-4067
Fax : (021) 390-4066

Embassy of Italia
Jl. Diponegoro 45, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 337-445 / 323-490
Fax : (021) 337-422

Embassy of Jepang
Jl. M.H. Thamrin 24, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 324-308
Fax : (021) 325-460

Embassy of Jerman
Jl. M.H. Thamrin 1, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 390-1750
Fax : (021) 390-1757

Embassy of Kamboja
Panin Bank Plaza, 4th Floor
Jl. Palmerah Utara 52, Jakarta 11480
Telepon : (021) 548-4840 / 548-3716
Fax : (021) 548-3684

Embassy of Kanada
Wisma Metropolitan I, 5th Floor
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 29, Jakarta 12920
Telepon : (021) 525-0709
Fax : (021) 571.2251

Embassy of Korea Utara
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav.X No. 5, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 521-0181 / 522-2442 / 526-0066
Fax : (021) 521-0183

Embassy of Korea Selatan
P.O. BOX 4187 JKTM
Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto 57, Jakarta Timur
Telepon : (021) 520-1915
Fax : (021) 525-4159

Embassy of Kroasia
Menara Mulia building, Suite 2101
Jl. Gatot Subroto, Kav. 9-11, Jakarta 12930
Telepon : (021) 525-7822 / 525-7611
Fax : (021) 520-4073

Embassy of Kuba
Villa Pejaten Mas, Block G, No. 4
Pejaten, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta 12520
Telepon : (021) 780-6673
Fax : (021) 780-7345 / 780-6673

Embassy of Kuwait
Jl. Denpasar Raya Block A-XII No. 1
Kuningan Timur, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-2477 / 520-2478 / 520-2479
Fax : (021) 520-4359 / 522-4931 / 526-5886

Embassy of Laos
Jl. Kintamani Raya C-15 No. 33, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-2673 / 522-9602
Fax : (021) 522-9601

Embassy of Libanon
Jl. YBR V No. 82, Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021)526-4306 / 525-3074 / 520-7121
Fax : (021) 520-7121

Embassy of Libia
Jl. Pekalongan 24, Menteng, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 335-308 / 335-754
Fax : (021) 335-726

Embassy of Malaysia
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. X/6 No. 1-3
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 522-4947
Fax : (021) 522-4974

Embassy of Mali
Jl. Mendawai III No. 18
Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta 12130
Telepon : (021) 720-8472 / 726-8504
Fax : (021) 722-9589

Embassy of Maroko
Kuningan Plaza, South Tower, Suite 512
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. C 11-14
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-0773 / 520-0956
Fax : (021) 520-0586

Embassy of Meksiko
Menara Mulia Building, Suite 2306
Jl. Gatot Subroto Kav. 9-11, Jakarta 12930
Telepon : (021) 520-3980
Fax : (021) 520-3978

Embassy of Mesir
Jl. Teuku Umar 68, Menteng, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 314-3440 / 331-141 / 335-350
Fax : (021) 314-5073

Embassy of Myanmar
Jl. Haji Agus Salim No. 109, Jakarta Pusat
Telepon : (021) 314-0440 / 327-684
Fax : (021) 327-204

Embassy of Nigeria
P.O. BOX 3649
Jl. Taman Patra IV No. 11-11A
Kuningan Timur, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 526-0922 / 526-0923
Fax : (021) 526-0924

Embassy of Norwegia
Bina Mulia Building I, 4th Floor
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. 10
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-1990
Fax : (021) 520-7365

Embassy of Pakistan
Jl. Teuku Umar No. 50
Menteng, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 314-4008 / 314-4009 / 314-4011
Fax : (021) 310-3947 / 310-3946 / 310-3945

Embassy of Papua New Guinea
Panin Bank Centre, 6th Floor
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 1, Jakarta 10270
Telepon : (021) 725-1218
Fax : (021) 720-1012

Embassy of Perancis
Jl. M.H. Thamrin 20, Jakarta Pusat
Telepon : (021) 314-2807
Fax : (021) 314-3338

Embassy of Peru
Bina Mulia Building 2, 3rd Floor
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav.11
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-1176 / 520-1866
Fax : (021) 520-1932

Embassy of Polandia
Jl. Diponegoro No. 65, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 314-0509
Fax : (021) 327-343

Embassy of Qatar
Jl. Taman Ubud I No.5
Kuningan Timur, Jakarta 12920
Telepon : (021) 527-7751 / 527-7752
Fax : (021) 527-7754

Embassy of Rumania
Jl. Teuku Cik Ditiro No. 42A
Menteng, Jakarta Pusat
Telepon : (021) 310-6240 / 310-6241
Fax : (021) 390-7759

Embassy of Rusia
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. X7 No. 1-2
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 522-2912 / 522-2914 / 522-5195
Fax : (021) 522-2916 / 522-2915

Embassy of Selandia Baru
P.O. BOX 2439
BRI II Building, 23rd Floor
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman, Kav. 44-46, Jakarta 10210
Telepon : (021) 570-9460 / 570-9470
Fax : (021) 570-9457 / 570-9471

Embassy of Singapura
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Block 4, Kav. 2
Kuningan Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-1489

Embassy of Slovakia
P.O. BOX 1368
Jl. Prof. Moh. Yamin, S.H. No. 29
Menteng , 10310 Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 310-1068 / 315-1429
Fax : (021) 310-1180

Embassy of Spanyol
Jl. Haji Agus Salim No. 6, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 335-937 / 335-940 / 335-771
Fax : (021) 325-996

Embassy of Sri Lanka
Jl. Diponegoro No. 70, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 314-1018 / 316-1886 / 391-9364
Fax : (021) 310-7962

Embassy of Sudan
P.O. BOX 403
Wisma Bank Dharmala, 7th Floor, Suite 1
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman, Kav.28
Jakarta 12910
Telepon : (021) 521-2075

Embassy of Swedia
Menara Rajawali, 9th Floor
Jl. Mega Kuningan Lot 5/1, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 576-2690
Fax : (021) 576-2691

Embassy of Swiss
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Block 3 No.2
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-6061
Fax : (021) 520-2289

Embassy of Syria
Jl. Karang Asem I No. 8
Kuningan Raya, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-4117 / 520-1641 / 525-5991
Fax : (021) 520-2511

Embassy of Thailand
Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 74, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 390-4052 / 314-7925 / 391-5651
Fax : (021) 310-7469

Embassy of Tunisia
Wisma Dharmala Sakti, 11th Floor
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman No. 32, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 570-3432 / 570-4220
Fax : (021) 570-0016

Embassy of Turki
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav.1, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 525-6250 / 526-4143 / 522-7440
Fax : (021) 522-6056 / 527-5673

Embassy of Ukraina
Jl. Simprug Permata I No.39, Jakarta 12220
Telepon : (021) 726-7575 / 720-5356
Fax : (021) 726-6969

Embassy of Uni Eropa
P.O. BOX 6454 JKPDS
Wisma Dharmala sakti, 16th Floor
Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav.32, Jakarta 10064
Telepon : (021) 570-6076
Fax : (021) 570-6075

Embassy of Uzbekistan
Jl. Brawijaya Raya No. 7, Block P-5, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 739-9009 / 722-1640 / 913-4212
Fax : (021) 722-1640

Embassy of Vatikan
P.O. BOX 4227
Jl. Medan Merdeka Timur 18, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 384-1142 / 381-0736
Fax : (021) 384-1143

Embassy of Venezuela
Menara Mulia, Suite 2005, 20th Floor
Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto Kav. 9-11, Jakarta
Telepon : (021) 522-7547 / 525-7548
Fax : (021) 522-7549

Embassy of Vietnam
Jl. Teuku Umar, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 910-0163 / 315-8537 / 310-0358
Fax : (021) 314-9615

Embassy of Yaman
Jl. Yusuf Adiwinata No. 29, Jakarta 10350
Telepon : (021) 390-4074 / 310-8029 / 310-8035
Fax : (021) 390-4946

Embassy of Yordania
Jl.Denpasar Raya Block A-13, Kav.1-2
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-4400 / 520-4401
Fax : (021) 520-2447

Embassy of Yugoslavia
Jl. HOS Cokroaminoto No. 109, Jakarta 10310
Telepon : (021) 314-3560 / 334-157
Fax : (021) 314-3613

Embassy of Greece (Yunani)
Plaza 89, 12th Floor
Jl. HR. Rasuna Said Kav. 7 No. 6
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
Telepon : (021) 520-7776
Fax : (021) 520-7753

Calo & Pahit Getirnya Mengurus Paspor

2008-07-04T19:52:00.000-07:00

Oleh: Yulius Nurendra Efendi

Pengalaman mengurus paspor sendiri di kantor Imigrasi Surakarta, membuat saya mengetahui bagaimana bobroknya kondisi birokrasi di negeri ini. Berawal dari undangan rekan di negeri seberang, membuat saya pergi ke luar negeri. Hal ini juga yang mengharuskan saya memiliki dokumen paspor.

Tanggal 18 oktober 2006, saya datang ke kantor Imigrasi Surakarta. Saya bawa semua persyaratan lengkap. Di dalam kantor tersebut memang terpampang dengan jelas tentang syarat, prosedur dan tarif untuk pembuatan segala macam surat atau dokumen keimigrasian. Apakah juga sejelas itu proses yang kemudian saya jalani?

Saat memasuki pintu kantor tersebut, kerumunan calo sudah menunggu. Mereka menawarkan jasa pengurusan paspor dengan janji lebih cepat selesai. Tentunya itu bukan tawaran gratis, tapi aku harus membayar uang lebih kepada calo tersebut. Tarif yang dipasang para calo bisa dua hingga tiga kali lipat dari tarif resmi yang hanya Rp.200.000. Karena memang dari awal saya berniat untuk mengurus sendiri, maka tawaran calo tersebut saya abaikan. Padahal jika saya terima tawaran tersebut, dia bisa menguruskan paspor saya hanya dalam waktu sehari. Sedangkan ketentuan resmi yang tertulis di papan pengumuman harusnya dua hari.

Saya mulai urus sendiri pembuatan paspor saya. Pertama, saya membeli formulir/berkas pengurusan paspor seharga Rp.10.000. Untuk pembelian ini, saya tidak mendapatkan kwitansi bukti pembelian. Inilah ketidakberesan pertama yang saya jumpai.

Setelah saya isi lengkap formulir, kemudian saya serahkan lagi berkas tersebut dengan dilampiri persyaratan lain. Proses selanjutnya dimulai dengan pemeriksaan berkas oleh petugas. Ketidakberesan kedua segera terjadi. Meski semua berkas telah lengkap diisi dan syarat telah komplit, sepertinya petugas ingin mencari kesalahan. Entah apa maksudnya. Akte kelahiran yang saya lampirkan sebagai syarat permohonan dipermasalahkan. Petugas meminta saya melengkapi dengan syarat lain yaitu ijasah terakhir. Artinya saya harus kembali lagi besoknya, karena saat itu saya tidak membawa ijasah yang dimaksud. Padahal di papan pengumuman akte kelahiran dan ijasah sifatnya opsional, yaitu saling menggantikan.

Keesokkan harinya, saat ijasah yang dimaksud sudah saya bawa, petugas tersebut malah mengabaikan ijasah tersebut begitu saja. Sedikitpun ijasah saya tak ditanyakan. Ini membuat saya serasa dilecehkan. Yang membuat saya naik pitam, pada proses berikutnya berkas saya sempat tidak jelas keberadaannya. Setelah saya desak, barulah petugas tersebut memprosesnya. Meski untuk itu, saya harus menunggu lebih lama lagi.

Setelah berkas kembali diproses, tahap selanjutnya adalah foto untuk paspor. Untuk keperluan ini, saya harus membayar Rp.55.000. Kali ini barulah diberikan bukti pembayaran. Anehnya, orang yang datang dan memasukkan berkas jauh dibelakang saya, justru dipanggil untuk foto duluan. Baru saya sadar bahwa yang menjadi korban calo bukan saja para pengguna jasa calo, namun juga para pencari paspor dengan jalur resmi. Kami jadi digusur-gusur ke urutan yang lebih belakang oleh orang-orang yang membayar lebih pada calo tersebut.

Setelah difoto, lagi-lagi petugas sepertinya ingin mengulur waktu lagi. Dengan alasan bahwa proses selanjutnya menunggu persetujuan dari Jakarta, ia mengharuskan saya menunggu seminggu lagi. Kali ini saya memahaminya karena akan ada liburan lebaran yang menghalanginya.

Saya pikirkan benar peristiwa itu. Ketidaktahuan mengenai proses yang sebenarnya, menyebabkan saya mengiyakan saja perintah petugas tersebut. Hal ini pasti juga dialami oleh pencari paspor yang lainnya. Proses yang berjalan tak seperti yang terpampang di papan pengumuman. Ketidakjelasan nasib berkas yang kami ajukan, membuat kami seperti jadi bulan-bulanan permainan petugas.

Tanggal 30 Oktober 2006, seperti yang dijanjikan petugas, sayapun kembali lagi mendatangi kantor Imigrasi. Lagi-lagi pelayanan yang diberikan sangat lambat. Dengan alasan harus melewati beberapa meja dan persetujuan, saya diharuskan menunggu dan menunggu lagi. Itupun saya harus beberapa kali menanyakan dengan setengah protes kepada petugas. Sejauh mana berkas saya diproses?

Setelah menunggu hampir 4 jam, dokumen pasporpun baru jadi. Kami pun harus membayar Rp.205.000, dengan rincian Rp.200.000 untuk pembayaran buku dokumen paspor dan Rp.5.000 untuk sidik jari. Kalau dihitung dari proses awal hingga akhir, total yang harus dikeluarkan untuk pembuatan paspor, sebanyak Rp.270.000. Padahal yang terpampang di pengumuman hanya Rp.200.000. Mengurus dengan jalur resmi saja biaya masih bisa membengkak, apalagi dengan calo? Dari beberapa informasi para pengguna jasa calo, ternyata mereka bisa menghabiskan Rp.500.000 s.d Rp.600.000 untuk memperoleh paspor dengan waktu 1 s.d 2 hari. Inikah Indonesia

===

Tips dari: Pauline

Saya juga pernah mengalami hal serupa. Karena pada dasarnya saya tidak suka dengan calo, jadi biasanya saya urus semua surat2 saya sendiri.

Berikut TIPS untuk mengurus paspor sendiri :

1. Pertama datang dulu, catat semua persyaratan yang dikehendaki. Jangan menyerahkan dokumen apapun sebelum semua dokumen yang anda punya dibawa, termasuk paspor lama! Fotocopy dulu semua dokumen rangkap 2 + bawa asli.

2. Datanglah pagi2. Karena kalau pagi biasanya calonya masih sedikit dan orang yang mau pake calo biasanya datang siangan. Dan tidak memberikan mereka alasan makan siang atau waktu sholat.

3. Tersenyumlah dan ajak bicara (sedikit cerewet dan manis gak apa kan?) saat menyerahkan dokumen dan selama pemeriksaan dokumen dilakukan. Jangan pasang MUKA CEMBERUT, SELALU SENYUM. Biasanya JITU untuk membuat pikiran mereka tidak fokus pada keinginan mereka untuk permintaan lebih.

4. Bawalah uang 5ribuan karena kebiasaan korupsi belum hilang dari tanah tercinta kita. Berikan apabila mereka memaksa. Biasanya tidak semua berani memaksa kalau kita bilang tidak ada uang kecil.

5. Pura2 polos kalau mereka memaksa (ikuti gaya mereka juga).

6. Jangan jauh dari loket penyerahan dokumen. Tanyakan selalu keberadaan dokumen selang 15 menit.

Saya berhasil mengurus pembuatan paspor hanya dengan biaya Rp.200.000 + Rp.10.000 (uang korupsi mereka). Sedangkan untuk pengurusan SIM saya hanya mengeluarkan Rp.80.000 (lupa pembagiannya).

===

Tips dari Nova

Saya juga selalu mengurus sendiri segala surat2. Kadang2 saya lihat masalah ini timbul karena orang-orang yg perlu dokumen juga tidak mau mengikuti aturan, maunya di dahulukan, tidak mau antri, dan lain sebagainya. Dan hal ini di manfaatkan oleh oknum2 tersebut.

Dari pengalaman saya mengurus segala surat2 sendiri, ya memang harus sabar, karena yang di urus bukan kita sendiri. Yang sudah memuaskan menurut saya adalah pengurusan perpanjangan SIM. Sistemnya benar2 seperti ban berjalan. Saya perpanjang SIM prosesnya gak sampai 2 jam, sampai di Polda jam 9-an sebelum jam 11 saya sudah on the way back ke kantor.

Kalau mengurus hal2 seperti ini, baca baik2 semua persyaratan dan bawalah semua dokumen2 yang di perlukan, karena kalau tidak, harus bolak-balik lebih sering lagi. Kalau perpanjangan paspor memang saya harus 3 kali ke kantor imigrasi.

Karena sudah tahu syarat2nya saya datang sudah bersama segala dokumen dan photo copy yang di perlukan, jadi tinggal beli map, isi form yang ada, dan masukin berkas.

Yang ke-2 segala proses photo, dan lain-lain

Yang ke 3 ambil paspor yg sudah jadi.

Memang mungkin proses2 yang ada masih terlalu panjang, perlu perbaikan pasti perlu waktu karena pasti akan mengurangi banyak sekali karyawan di departemen yang bersangkutan. Serem juga khan dampaknya. So mungkin kita juga harus coba mengikuti peraturan yg ada, tidak langsung bayar2 dengan alasan supaya cepat.

Memberikan fleksibilitas finansial yang memungkinkan Anda mengatur pengeluaran pribadi.

2008-07-04T19:51:00.000-07:00

Bagi Anda yang ingin mengatur pengeluaran, menghemat biaya bunga dan mendapatkan perlindungan atas pemakaian kartu. Nikmati kemudahan ini melalui Kartu Kredit Biru American Express^®.

Hemat biaya bunga hingga 50% dengan Transfer Saldo
Pindahkan saldo dari kartu kredit Anda yang lain ke Kartu Kredit Biru American Express dan nikmati bunga yang sangat rendah, hanya 1,65% per bulan* atas saldo yang ditransfer. Bandingkan dengan suku bunga yang sekarang Anda bayarkan pada kartu kredit lain, fasilitas Transfer Saldo kami akan menghemat uang Anda hingga 50%!

* Suku Bunga Transfer Saldo bisa berubah tanpa pemberitahuan sebelumnya. Bunga Transfer Saldo saat ini adalah 1,65% berlaku selama 6 bulan. Setelah 6 bulan Anda akan menikmati suku bunga menarik kami yang berlaku pada saat itu. Pembayaran pada Kartu American Express Anda akan digunakan untuk melunasi Transfer Saldo terlebih dahulu, termasuk Transfer Saldo dengan suku bunga promosi.

Program Membership Rewards^®
Setiap kali Anda berbelanja dengan Kartu, Anda akan mendapatkan poin Membership Rewards . Poin-poin ini bisa ditukarkan dengan berbagai hadiah eksklusif seperti santap malam, liburan, menginap di hotel dan masih banyak lagi**. Mengumpulkan poin sangat mudah, karena setiap Rp 2.500 Anda akan mendapatkan 1 poin.

**American Express Indonesia berhak untuk mengubah program dan keuntungan.

Creditor's Insurance
Fasilitas ini dirancang untuk memberi perlindungan terhadap pemakaian Kartu Anda bila Anda mengalami ketidakmampuan sementara/tetap atau meninggal dunia karena sakit maupun kecelakaan. Kami berikan fasilitas ini secara cuma-cuma untuk 3 bulan pertama. Setelah itu, hanya dengan premi sebesar 0,45% dari saldo tagihan Kartu Kredit Anda, kami akan meningkatkan total perlindungan hingga Rp 24.000.000.

Berbagai Keuntungan Lain
Di atas adalah sebagian dari keuntungan dan layanan yang kami berikan. Begitu Anda menjadi Anggota Kartu, Anda bisa menikmati keistimewaan lainnya seperti Telepon Direct Debit, Kartu Tambahan dan masih banyak lagi.

Air Compressor,Air Compressor Manufacturer,China Direct drive air ...

2008-06-15T21:45:00.003-07:00

Air Compressor,Air Compressor Manufacturer,China Direct drive air ...

China Manufacturer of Air Compressor,Direct drive air compressor,Belt Driven Air Compressor,Air Compressor Pump,Vertical Air Compressor,Shoes,Men's shoe ...

Furniture,Bedroom furniture Manufacturer,china furniture,Wood ...

2008-06-15T21:45:00.001-07:00

Furniture,Bedroom furniture Manufacturer,china furniture,Wood ...

Fubang furniture-Professional Bedroom furniture manufacturer in china, specialize manufacturing Dining Room Furniture,Living Room furniture,Wood furniture ...

China Machinery Manufacturer, Machinery Trader, Industrial ...

2008-06-15T21:44:00.001-07:00

China Machinery Manufacturer, Machinery Trader, Industrial ...

Directory of China machinery manufacturer, China machinery trader, industrial machinery equipment supplier. With high quality line fittings, casting, ...

T shirts Manufacturer China, China T-shirts Manufacturer: Polo T ...

2008-06-15T21:41:00.001-07:00

T shirts Manufacturer China, China T-shirts Manufacturer: Polo T ...

China T-shirts Manufacturer Making T shirts, Polo T-shirts | Sports t-shirts | Hoodies T-shirts | Long Sleeve T-shirts.

China Yuchai International Enters into Joint Venture with Geely ...

2008-06-15T21:41:00.000-07:00

China Yuchai International Enters into Joint Venture with Geely ...

25 Feb 2008 ... The main product is a 4D2.0L diesel engine and the technology for this new ... China Yuchai International Limited, through its subsidiary, ...

Yahoo! Message Boards - CHINA YUCHAI INTL LT - A lower we will go ...

2008-06-15T21:40:00.001-07:00

Yahoo! Message Boards - CHINA YUCHAI INTL LT - A lower we will go ...

CHINA YUCHAI INTL LT board, Stocks C category, Stocks (A to Z) category ... After the visit, the two sides on the diesel engine and its extension to create ...

Geely to build diesel engine JVs in Shandong and Zhejiang ...

2008-06-15T21:40:00.000-07:00

Geely to build diesel engine JVs in Shandong and Zhejiang ...

27 Feb 2008 ... In 2007, Yuchai sold approximately 383000 diesel engines and was consistently ranked No. 1 in unit sales by China Association of Automobile ...

Busworld.org portal | All the latest information about the world ...

2008-06-15T21:39:00.001-07:00

Busworld.org portal | All the latest information about the world ...

China Yuchai International Limited, one of the largest manufacturers and ... for Yuchai as it is China's first heavy-duty diesel engine manufacturer to ...

Build the capital of green power in China

2008-06-15T21:38:00.005-07:00

Build the capital of green power in China

With the world’s largest scale of production and sales of diesel engines among ... As the biggest engine manufacture in China, Yuchai determines to ...

BASF Catalysts receives award for excellence from China’s largest ...

2008-06-15T21:38:00.004-07:00

BASF Catalysts receives award for excellence from China’s largest ...

25 Mar 2008 ... BASF Catalysts has received the Supplier Excellence award from Yuchai Machinery Company Limited, China’s largest engine manufacturer. ...

SEC Info - China Yuchai International Ltd - 6-K - For 2/25/08 - EX ...

2008-06-15T21:38:00.003-07:00

SEC Info - China Yuchai International Ltd - 6-K - For 2/25/08 - EX ...

The main product is a 4D2.0L diesel engine and the technology for this new diesel ... as the 8 th largest automaker in China with nearly 200000 cars sold. ...

Leading Entrepreneurs

2008-06-15T21:38:00.001-07:00

Leading Entrepreneurs

He set up the target of making Yuchai one of the largest diesel manufacturers in China, and adhered to mindset, updated product series, improved the ...

China Yuchai International Enters into Joint Venture with Geely ...

2008-06-15T21:37:00.003-07:00

China Yuchai International Enters into Joint Venture with Geely ...

25 /Xinhua-PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- China Yuchai International Limited ("China Yuchai" or the "Company"), the leading manufacturer and distributor of diesel ...

International Energy Agency - Renewable Energy

2008-06-15T21:37:00.001-07:00

International Energy Agency - Renewable Energy

Growth in demand for renewable energy in industrialised countries is leading to economies of ... Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database ...

CADDET - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at your fingertips

2008-06-15T21:36:00.003-07:00

CADDET - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy at your fingertips

The CADDET Energy Efficiency Centre collects, analyses, and disseminates information on new energy-saving technologies that have been demonstrated in ...

Welcome to Canadian Renewable Energy NetworkWelcome to Canadian Renewable Energy Network

2008-06-15T21:36:00.001-07:00

Welcome to Canadian Renewable Energy Network

Canadian Renewable Energy Network's Home page. ... Renewable Energy Images, Using CanREN · Bioenergy · Energy Solutions · Earth Energy ...

The Source for Renewable Energy

2008-06-15T21:35:00.003-07:00

The Source for Renewable Energy

The Source for Renewable Energy is a comprehensive online buyer's guide and business directory to more than 12000 renewable energy businesses worldwide.

EIA - Renewable & Alternative Fuel Data, Reports, Analysis, Surveys

2008-06-15T21:35:00.001-07:00

EIA - Renewable & Alternative Fuel Data, Reports, Analysis, Surveys

Renewable Energy Kid's Page · Revision to Estimates of Alternative Fueled Vehicles in Use and Alternate Transportation Fuel Consumption ...

Renewable Energy - BERR

2008-06-15T21:34:00.002-07:00

Renewable Energy - BERR

The Department for Business, Enterprise & Regulatory Reform (BERR) Renewables website provides information about renewable energy and the different ...

California's Renewable Energy Programs

2008-06-15T21:34:00.001-07:00

California's Renewable Energy Programs

This is the main page for California's Renewable Energy Programs.

EERE: Bookmark Update

2008-06-15T21:33:00.000-07:00

EERE: Bookmark Update

The US Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy has updated and redesigned its Web site. Formerly known as the Energy ...

NREL: Learning About Renewable Energy Home Page

2008-06-15T21:32:00.000-07:00

NREL: Learning About Renewable Energy Home Page

Provides information about renewable energy, energy efficiency practices, delivery and storage technologies, applications and student resources.

Trade-offs reveal no clear favorites in alternative energy market

2008-06-12T17:22:00.003-07:00

Trade-offs reveal no clear favorites in alternative energy market

12 Sep 2007 ... PhysOrg news: Trade-offs reveal no clear favorites in alternative energy market.

Alternative Energy Project, Italy - Abruzzi Importers / Exporters ...

2008-06-12T17:22:00.001-07:00

Alternative Energy Project, Italy - Abruzzi Importers / Exporters ...

17 Mei 2008 ... B2B trade portal for exporters & importers. Free registration: search trade leads (sell & buy offers) by location or industry, post leads, ...

Alternative Energy Store UK - DIY and trade alternative energy ...

2008-06-12T17:21:00.007-07:00

Alternative Energy Store UK - DIY and trade alternative energy ...

Home · Alternative Energy Systems · Alternative Energy Books · Customers DIY Installations · Terms and Conditions · Installation Service · Showroom ...

alternative energy technologies - Agriculture Trade Mission to ...

2008-06-12T17:21:00.005-07:00

alternative energy technologies - Agriculture Trade Mission to ...

7 Feb 2008 ... This could include a focus on food distribution logistics, alternative energy technologies or even biotechnology. ...

All Allan: Leveraged Alternative Energy Trade

2008-06-12T17:21:00.003-07:00

All Allan: Leveraged Alternative Energy Trade

18 Agu 2006 ... Leveraged Alternative Energy Trade. For the Brain Trust that frequents AllAllan: Hello: There has been some talk on this board about uranium ...

looking for investor for Alternative energy - Biodiesel - JETRO ...

2008-06-12T17:21:00.001-07:00

looking for investor for Alternative energy - Biodiesel - JETRO ...

19 Sep 2007 ... We have a project of alternative of energy, that is the plantation of oleaginous (soybean, ... JETRO Japan External Trade Organization ...

Alternative Energy Project, Italy - Abruzzi Importers / Exporters ...

2008-06-12T17:20:00.008-07:00

Alternative Energy Project, Italy - Abruzzi Importers / Exporters ...

17 Mei 2008 ... Global B2B Trade Leads marketplace focusing on Romanian Exporters & Manufacturers. Register your company, post and browse trade leads, ...

Climateer Investing: SEC Suspends Trading in Alternative Energy ...

2008-06-12T17:20:00.007-07:00

Climateer Investing: SEC Suspends Trading in Alternative Energy ...

SEC Suspends Trading in Alternative Energy Technology Center Inc (AETE.PK). From LawFuel: The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission today announced the

Alternative Energy Retailer Content / FYI / Virtual Trade Show For ...

2008-06-12T17:20:00.005-07:00

Alternative Energy Retailer Content / FYI / Virtual Trade Show For ...

An online-exclusive trade show focusing on alternative energy solutions is coming to the Internet in June. The Virtual Energy Forum is a two-day event ...

Energy Tech Investor Conference: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY INVESTING ...Energy Tech Investor Conference: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY INVESTING ...

2008-06-12T17:20:00.003-07:00

Energy Tech Investor Conference: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY INVESTING ...

Energy Tech Investor Conference: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY INVESTING … CLEAN TECH… RENEWABLES…BIOFUELS… GREEN TRADING - Srinstitute.com Conferences.

Alternative Energy and Brazil: How Brazil is leading the drive ...

2008-06-12T17:20:00.001-07:00

Alternative Energy and Brazil: How Brazil is leading the drive ...

The copyright of the article Alternative Energy and Brazil in International Trade is owned by Bhumika Ghimire. Permission to republish Alternative Energy ...

Alternative Energy ETFs’ Wild Solar Powered Ride - Seeking Alpha

2008-06-12T17:19:00.001-07:00

Alternative Energy ETFs’ Wild Solar Powered Ride - Seeking Alpha

Being largest in size and having the longest trading history means that PBW is often used as a benchmark for other ETFs in the alternative energy sector. ...

Abegweit banks on energy.(Circle of Trade)(alternative energy ...

2008-06-12T17:18:00.002-07:00

Abegweit banks on energy.(Circle of Trade)(alternative energy ...

(Circle of Trade)(alternative energy sources). Article, News, Research, Information, Industry & Business News » View article excerpt ...

[PDF]

Mad Money Mailbag: An Alternative Energy ETF

2008-06-12T17:18:00.001-07:00

Mad Money Mailbag: An Alternative Energy ETF

Jenis Berkas: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Versi HTML
ETF that tracks alternative energy. plays is the Powershares ... Xpresstrade - Trade Stock. Index Futures. Trade futures on stock indexes, ...

Space discusses fair trade, cites importance of alternative energy ...

2008-06-12T17:18:00.000-07:00

Space discusses fair trade, cites importance of alternative energy ...

29 Jan 2007 ... Space discusses fair trade, cites importance of alternative energy research in 18th District. By Nick Worner, News Staff Reporter ...

Renewable Energy - Made in Germany - Homepage

2008-06-12T17:17:00.000-07:00

Renewable Energy - Made in Germany - Homepage

Following on from these, renewable energy technologies in Germany have become an ... in the foreign trade fairs of the Renewable Energy Export Initiative. ...

Alternative Energy Stocks: The Investor Resource for Alternative ...

2008-06-12T17:16:00.001-07:00

Alternative Energy Stocks: The Investor Resource for Alternative ...

But as I was reading through the survey slides from the standpoint of an alternative energy investor, different things stood out for me. ...

Consumers' Preferences for Alternative Energy Conservation ...

2008-06-12T17:16:00.000-07:00

Consumers' Preferences for Alternative Energy Conservation ...

Consumers' Preferences for Alternative Energy Conservation Policies: A Trade-Off Analysis. Author info | Abstract | Publisher info | Download info | Related ...

Al-Muraqabah

2008-06-12T16:37:00.000-07:00

Al-Muraqabah

Allah SWT berfirman, “Wa kaanaLlaahu ‘alaa kulli syai’in raqiibaa”. ‘Dan sesungguhnya Allah SWT Maha mengawasi atas segala sesuatu’.

Malaikat Jibril AS datang menemui RasuluLlah SAW dalam bentuk rupa seorang laki-laki.

“Yaa Muhammad, apa itu iman”. Tanya Jibril.

“Percaya kepada Allah SWT, para malaikat-Nya, kitab-kitab-Nya, para utusan-Nya, dan takdir baik dan buruknya, dan hari akhir”.

“Engkau benar”.

Para sahabat yang menyaksikan keadaan tersebut merasa heran, bagaimana mungkin orang yang bertanya ia sendiri yang membenarkannya. Bukankah ia datang untuk bertanya, tetapi mengapa terkesan menggurui RasuluLlah SAW. Di tengah keheran para sahabat, lelaki itu kembali bertanya, “Berilah aku penjelasan tentang islam”.

RasuluLlah SAW menjawab, “Bersyahadat, Menegakkan shalat, memberikan zakat, berpuasa di bulan Ramadhan, dan hajji ke BaituLlah”.

“Benar Engkau, berilah aku penjelasan tentang ihsan”.

RasuluLlah ASW menjawab, “Beribadah kepada Allah SWT seakan-akan engkau melihat-Nya. Aapabila engkau tidak dapat melihatnya maka sesungguhnya Dia melihatmu”.

“Engkau benar”. Jawab Jibril kemudian pergi.

Ungkapan sabda RasuluLlah SAW “Jika engkau tidak dapat melihat Nya maka sesungguhnya Dia melihatmu”. Adalah merupakan isyarat tentang muraqabah (pengawasan).

Muraqabah adalah ilmu hamba untuk melihat Allah SWT. Sedangkan yang konsisten terhadap ilmu itu adalah yang mengawasi (menjaga atau merasa bahwa dirinya selalu diawasi sehingga membentuk sikap yang selalu awas terhadap hukum-hukum Allah SWT. Ini adalah dasar dari segala kebajikan. Orang tidak akan sampai pada tingkatan ini kecuali setelah menyelesaikan pengawasan (penjagaan-terhadap dirinya sendiri). Apabila seseorang mengawasi dirinya sendiri terhadap apa-apa yang telah lampau, memperbaiki keadaannya di masa sekarang, maka ia akan selalu berada di jalan yang benar, mengadakan perhubungan dengan Allah SWT secara baik sambil menjaga hati, memelihara nafs agar selalu berhubungan dengan-Nya, memeliharanya dalam segala hal, maka ia akan mengetahui bahwa Allah SWT adalah Dzat Maha Pengawas dan Dzat Yang Maha Dekat dengan dirinya. Allah SWT mengetahui keadaannya, melihat perbuatannya, dan mendengar ucapannya. Barang siapa yang melupakan semua itu maka ia akan terlepas dari taraf permulaan keterhubungan dengan-Nya. Lalu bagaimana tentang hakikat “Dekat / Al qurb”.

Ahmad Al Jariri mengatakan, “barang siapa yang tidak memperkuat taqwa dan pengawasan antara dirinya dan Allah SWT, maka ia tidak akan sampai kepada mukasyafah (terbukanya tabir rahasia) dan musyahadah (persaksian dengan-Nya).”

Al-Kisah, ada seorang raja yang memiliki budak yang sering menghadap kepadanya jika dibandingkan dengan budak-budak yang lain. Kebanyakan mereka tidak semahal dan seistimewa budak yang satu ini. Mereka mengungkapkan hal itu kepada raja, maka rajapun kemudian menjelaskan kepada mereka tentang keutamaan budak itu dalam hal pelayanan-nya kepada raja jika dibandingkan dengan budak yang lain. Pada suatu hari budak itu berada di atas kendaraan kuda bersama-sama dengan raja, melewati sebuah gunung yang dipenuhi salju. Sang raja melihat salju-salju itu dan kemudian menundukkan kepalanya. Seketika itu pula sang budak memacu kudanya menuju ke arah salju yang dilihat raja. Orang-orang tidak mengerti mengapa budak itu tiba-tiba pergi ke arah salju. Sang budak terus saja memacu kudanya mendaki gunung yang penuh salju hingga ketika sampai di puncak ia mengambil salju itu dan dibawanya untuk diberikan kepada raja. Sang raja berkata kepadanya, “Apa yang membuatmu tahu bahwa saya menghendaki salju ?” Dia menjawab, ‘Karena tuan melihat salju itu’. Tak lama kemudian pandangan raja menerawang seraya mengatakan, “Dia aku berikan keistimewaan karena telah memuliakan diriku dan selalu hadir dalam diriku. Tiap-tiap orang memiliki kesibukan sendiri-sendiri sedangkan kesibukannya adalah selalu menjaga pandangan/lirikanku dan keadaanku”.

Sebagian ulama mengatakan, barang siapa yang menjaga Allah SWT di dalam hatinya maka Allah SWT akan menjaga seluruh anggota badannya”. Abul Husain bin Hindun pernah ditanya, “Kapan penggembala dapat menghalau kambingnya dengan tongkat pemeliharaan agar terhindar dari perangkap kebinasaan ?”. Dia menjawab, “Jika ia mengerti bahwa di hadapannya terdapat Dzat Yang Maha Mengawasi”.

Menurut satu cerita, Ibnu Umar RA berada di dalam perjalanan. Dia melihat seorang budak yang sedang menggembala seekor kambing.

“Bisakah engkau menjualnya seekor kepadaku ?” tanya Ibnu Umar dengan maksud untuk menguji.

“Kambing itu bukan milik saya”. Jawabnya

“Katakan saja kepada pemiliknya bahwa serigala telah memakannya”.

Budak itu menjawab,”Lalu di mana Allah SWT ?”

Ibnu Umar diam untuk beberapa saat. Dai merenungkan kata-kata penggembala itu. Kemudian ia mendesah sambil mengatakan, “Budak itu mengatakan di mana Allah SWT”.

Al-Junaid mengatakan bahwa barang siapa yang dapat merealisasikan pengawasan (muraqabag), maka dia akan takut kehilangan bagian dair Tuhannya, bukan takut kepada orang lain.

Seorang guru sufi memiliki seorang murid yang diistimewakan. Guru itu sering datang kepadanya dari pada datang kepada murid-murid yang lain. Mereka bertanya kepada gurunya tentang hal itu , maka sang gurupun menjawab, “Akan saya jelaskan persoalan ini kepada kalian”.

Selang beberapa lama, guru itu memanggil murid-muridnya. Masing-masing dari mereka diberi seekor burung sambil berpesan, “Sembelihlah burung ini di suatu tempat yang tidak diketahui oleh siapapun”. Mereka semua kemudian pergi dan tak lama kemudian kembali dengan membawa burung yang telah disembelih di tangan mereka masing-masing. Akan tetapi salah seorang dari mereka datang dengan membawa burung yang masih hidup.

“Mengapa burung itu tidak kamu sembelih ?”

Murid itu menjawab “Guru memerintahkan saya untuk menyembelih burung di suatu tempat yang tidak diketahui oleh siapapun. Saya telah berusaha ke berbagai tempat akan tetapi tidak menemukan satu tempatpun yang tidak dilihat oleh Allah SWT.

Guru itu tersenyum. Dia berkata kepada murid yang lain, “Karena inilah saya mengistimewakannya dengan selalu datang kepadanya.”

Menurut Dzunun al-Mishri yang dimaksud hubungan pengawasan adalah mementingkan sesuatu yang telah dipentingkan oleh Allah SWT, mengagungkan sesuatu yang telah diagungkan oleh Allah SWT, dan mengecilkan sesuatu yang telah dikecilkan-Nya. Menurut Ibrahim An-Nashr Abadzi : Raja’ (Harap) akan menggerakkan kepada keta’atan, khauf (takut) akan menjauhkan dari maksiyat, dan muraqabah (pengawasan) akan mengantarkan kepada jalan hakikat.

Ja’far bin Nashr pernah ditanya tentang pengawasan maka ia menjawab, “Menjaga hati untuk memandang Allah SWT dalam setiap gerakan”. Ahmad Al-Jariri mengatakan, “Urusan kita terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu konsistensi diri dalam pengawasan terhadap Allah SWT dan tertanamnya ilmu secara lahiriyah . sedang menurut AbduLlah Al-Murta’isy mengatakan bahwa yang dimaksud pengawasan adalah memelihara hati dengan memperhatikan Allah SWT dalam setiap langkah dan perkataan”.

Ibnu Atha’pernah ditanya, “apa yang paling utama dari ta’at ?” dia menjawab, “Mengawasi Allah SWT sepanjang masa”. Ibrahim Al-khawas mengatakan, “Pemeliharaan akan menyebabkan pengawasan, sedang pengawasan akan menyebabakan kemurnian rahasia maupun terang-terangan karena Allah SWT”. Menurut Abu Utsman Al-Maghribi, “Konsistensi diri manusia yang paling utama adalah meneliti , mengawasi dan mensiasati perbuatannya dengan ilmu”.

Abu Utsman mengatakan, ‘Abu Hafs mewasiyatkan kepadaku, ‘Apabila kamu duduk bersama orang lain , jadilah penasihat kepada hatimu dan dirimu, serta janganlah kamu tertipu oleh perkumpulan mereka. Mereka mengawasi lahirmu, sedang Allah SWT mengawasi bathinmu”.

Abu Sa’id Al-Kharraz mengatakan, “Salah seorang dari guruku telah mengatakan kepadaku, ‘tetaplah memelihara dan mengawasi hatimu”’. Dia mengatakan, ‘Suatu hari saya berjalan di tengah padang pasir. Tiba-tiba di belakangku terdengar suara desingan. Suara itu sangat menakutkan. Saya hendak menoleh tetapi saya tahan. Setelah itu saya melihat sesuatu menyentuh punggungku lantas ia pergi. Sambil saya menjaga hati saya menoleh, ternyata saya berhadapan dengan hewan yang sangat besar”’.

Al-Wasithi berkata, “Seutama-utama ta’at adalah menjaga waktu. Dia tidak meniti-niti hambanya diluar batasnya, demikian pula tidak meniti selain kepada Tuhannya, dan tidak bersahabat selain dengan waktunya”.

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Home Page

2008-06-11T22:09:00.005-07:00

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Home Page

Facility of the US Department of Energy (DOE) for renewable energy and energy efficiency research, development and deployment.

Renewable energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2008-06-11T22:09:00.003-07:00

Renewable energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Free encyclopedia article covering renewable energy technology aspects and applications.

Information on renewable energy, solar power cars, wind power and ...

2008-06-11T22:09:00.001-07:00

Information on renewable energy, solar power cars, wind power and ...

Teachers and students can learn about renewable energy, solar power, wind energy, water power and biomass energy. Download renewable energy lesson plans and

Renewable Energy Directory

2008-06-11T22:08:00.002-07:00

Renewable Energy Directory

A visual and interactive web directory of information resources about renewable energy technology.

Renewable Energy Sources

2008-06-11T22:08:00.001-07:00

Renewable Energy Sources

Illustrated explanations of the five renewable sources used most often: hydropower (water), solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass.

RenewableEnergyWorld.com - Renewable Energy News and Information

2008-06-11T22:07:00.003-07:00

RenewableEnergyWorld.com - Renewable Energy News and Information

Explore renewable energy news, jobs, events, companies, products, and more.

U.S. DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Home Page

2008-06-11T22:07:00.001-07:00

U.S. DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Home Page

US Department of Energy web site for information on energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies.

Renewable Energy - Elsevier

2008-06-11T22:06:00.002-07:00

Renewable Energy - Elsevier

The journal seeks to promote and disseminate knowledge of the various topics and technologies of renewable energy and is therefore aimed at assisting ...

02470264717

Syaikh Aqil Al-Manbaji.

2008-06-11T22:06:00.001-07:00

Beliau adalah Syaikhnya para syaikh di daerah Syam pada waktu itu. Dari tangan beliau terlahir banyak Syaikh yang terkenal diantaranya adalah Syaikh Uday bin Muafir dan Syaikh Musa Az-Zuli. Beliaulah orang yang pertama menyebar thariqah yang bersumber dari Umar di Syam. Beliau dijuluki At-Thayyar karena beliau terbang dari sebuah menara di desa tempat tinggal sebelumnya dan setelah keluarganya mencari, ternyata beliau ditemukan di Manbaj. Oleh Syaikhnya – Syaikh Maslamah, beliau dijuluki ghawwas. Julukan tersebut bermula ketika beliau dan para sahabatnya hendak berziarah ke Baitul Maqdis. Mereka melewati sungai Furat. Para sahabat Syaikh Maslamah membentangkan sajadah mereka di atas air, duduk di atasnya menyeberangi sungai Furat. Saat Syaikh Aqil membentangkan sajadahnya lalu duduk di atasnya, sajadah tersebut melayang di atas air dan mengantarkannya ke seberang tanpa setitik airpun membasahinya. Saat itulah beliau berkata, “Aqil termasuk golongan ghawwas”.

Beliau termasuk salah satu dari empat wali yang diberi otoritas di dalam kuburnya untuk berbuat seperti mereka yang hidup. Selengkapnya mereka yang empat itu adalah Syaikh Abdul Qadir Al Jilli, Syaikh Ma’ruf Al Kharqi, Syaikh Aqil Al-Manbaji, dan Syaikh Hayyan bin Qaish Al-Harani.

Syaikh Aqil memiliki berbagai pernyataan tak ternilai harganya dalam ma’rifat. Diantaranya adalah “

“Thariqah kita adalah bersungguh-sunguguh, mendekat dan selalu melaksanakan had (ketentuan Allah SWT) hingga seseorang mencapai apa yang dikehendakinya atau mati di awal perjalanannya.”

“Siapapun yang menginginkan haal (kondisi spiritual) atau maqam untuk dirinya maka semua itu berasal dari jalur ma’rifah, menyaksikan Sang Pencipta, buta dari selain mereka. Sedangkan mereka yang mengklaim telah mencapai kondisi spiritual tanpa pernah berada di dalamnya maka ia adalah seorang pembohong”.

Syaikh Utsman bin Marzuq meriwayatkan :

Di awal kewaliannya beliau bersama tujuh belas murid Syaikh Maslamah lainnya ber khalwat di dalam sebuah gua dan meletakkan tongkat mereka di sebuah tempat di gua tersebut. Lalu serombongan orang turun dari udara dan mengangkat tongkat-tongkat tersebut kecuali tongkat milik Syaikh Aqil, mereka tidak dapat mengangkatnya. Ketika mereka mengabarkan masalah tersebut kepada Syaikh Maslamah, beliau berkata, “Orang-orang tersebut adalah para wali Allah SWT, setiap tongkat yang diangkat menunjukkan bahwa pemiliknya sudah mencapai maqam yang mengangkat atau setingkat di bawahnya. Ketidak mampuan mereka mengangkat tongkat Aqil karena tidak seorangpun diantara mereka yang maqamnya lebih tinggi dari Aqil”.

Syaikh Abu Majid Al-Manbaji meriwayatkan bahwa ayahnya bercerita tentang kakeknya, beliau berkata, “Aku sedang berada bersama Syaikh Aqil Al-Manbaji di bukit dan hadir pula pada saat itu para ulama. Salah seorang diantara mereka bertanya kepada sang Syaikh, “Yaa Syaikh, apa indikator orang-orang yang telah mencapai derajat shidiq ?”. Maka Syaikh Aqil menjawab, “Apa bila ia berkata kepada gunung, ‘bergeraklah’, maka gunung tersebut akan bergerak.”’ Dan seiring dengan ucapannya tersebut gunung yang ada di belakang merekapun bergerak.

Lalu salah seorang diantara mereka kambali bertanya kepada beliau, “ Apa indikator orang-orang yang diberi otoritas atas alam (Al-Mutasharrif)”. Beliau menjawab , “Apabila ia memerintahkan semua binatang di laut dan di darat untuk menghadapnya maka mereka semua akan menghadap”. Saat itu semua binatang yang ada di gunung turun dan para nelayan melaporkan bahwa sungai furat dipenuhi oleh ikan-ikan”. Mereka bertanya lagi, “Dan apa indikasi orang yang diberkahi Allah SWT diantara hamba-hambanya?”. Beliau menjawab, “Jika ia menghentakkan kakinya ke atas pasir seperti ini (sambil beliau menghentakkan kakinya ke atas pasir) maka akan muncul mata air dan kembali seperti semula”. Saat itu juga muncul mata air dan beberapa saat kemudian kembali seperti semula.

Diriwayatkan pada suatu ketika beliau keluar dari zawiyahnya untuk melakukan suatu perjalanan. Kemudian beliau mendapati para murid dan para sahabatnya berdiri dan saat itu hatinya berkata kepadanya, “Mereka berdiri karena engkau”. Beliau menangis dan berkata :

Jiwaku mengatakan kepadaku bahwa aku mencintai kalian dan aku yakin

Kasih sayangku kepada kalian melebihi rasa sayang kalian kepadaku

Padahal Yang Mencintai lebih mulia walaupun dia bukan orang yang mulia
.
.
As An Orphan "Your Lord shall give you, and you shall be satisfied. Did He not find you an orphan and shelter you ? .... Did He not find you needy and suffice you? As for the orphan, do not oppress him, and as for the beggar, scold him not" (Al- Duha: 94.5-6,8-10)

The Prophet Muhammed Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was, from his birth, brought up in the sight and under the care of Allah Ta'aalaa. He was deprived of his father whilst still in his mother's womb. With the death of his father, Allah deprived him of all human support and directed him to the realization that `there is no diety save Allah; He has no partners whatsoever'.

Resultantly, he was to be called the "Matchless Orphan Pearl." According to the noble families of Makkah, he was taken by a foster mother Halimah, who was from the tribe of Hawazin and the family of Banu Sa'ad to her village. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam lived for six years in the care of his foster parents, among the Banu Sa'ad, during which time he developed the purest dialect of Arabic. He used to respect and revere Halimah just like a real mother.

Abu - Tufayl reported that a woman met the Prophet at Ji'raanah. When he found her, he spread out his sheet for her where on she sat. Abu Tufayl enquired who the woman was. They replied, "She is his mother who suckled him."

When he was six years old Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam returned to Makkah. The noble Aaminah was very pleased to receive him; her only child. Even at such a young age Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was unlike his playful peers, but quite serene and scrupulous. He never wasted his time in wild games like the other children.

The Matchless Orphan Pearl not only lost his father, he lost also his mother, Aaminah at an early age. At the vulnerable age of only six years the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam experienced the pain of being left without father and mother. Indeed, there would be nothing he would not learn and no suffering he would not have to bear, since his very coming to the world was to be an open example for man.

After the demise of his mother, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib took custody of the child, who brought him up with love and affection. However, his guardianship did not last too long as he died when the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was merely eight years of age. The honourable grandfather of Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, whom even the great army of Abraha could not bring to tears, wept bitterly when he took to his death bed. His son, Abu Talib, came to him and asked why he was weeping. He replied, "I am weeping because I will no longer be able to embrace Muhammad." He added, "I am afraid something might happen to my Matchless Pearl I entrust him to you for safe keeping."

Abu Talib, the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam uncle took great care of him and became his guardian. He faithfully and kindly dicharged his duties.
The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam continued to develop into a well cultured youth. He was never perverse or stubborn in his ways. The Prophets were especially brought up by Allah Ta'aalaa. To cite an example, at the time when Ka'abah was rebuilt in the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam childhood, he fell unconscious when he lifted his lower garment in order to collect the stones in it.

The Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam endured so much in life. In his very childhood his parents died, a few years later the sad demise of his grandfather also occurred. He spent his boyhood tending the flocks of sheep and goats in the company of the bedouin boys. Education did not even scathe him; he was completely unlettered and unschooled. Never did he acquire the chance to sit in the company of the learned.

Even so, the tribulations and trials that befell the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam did not in any way blemish the infallibility of the blessed Prophet. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam also remembers: `During the restoration of the Ka'abah, prior to my Prophethood, I was carrying stones and as everyone else I lifted the bottom of my clothes over my shoulder to avoid injury, which left some part of my thighs uncovered. All of a sudden, the angel that I had seen several times in my childhood appeared to me in all his majesty. I fell down and fainted. That was the first and last time I uncovered any part of my body which Allah has ordered to be covered." (Bukhari)

The Almighty protected the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam from falling even for a twinkle of the eye, since his going astray even an inch may have resulted in almost complete deviation of mankind.

Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam who is the King of all Kings, and who is our Lord's beloved is the very embodiment of modesty in the midst of a society which is immodest to the core.......

As A Trader

The commercial life of the Arabs is a known fact of history. In particular the real means of livelihood of the inhabitants of the towns of those areas where the land was dry and sandy, or of rocky dry mountains was 'trade.' Naturally, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam adopted the profession of his elders seeking merely to make "both ends meet".

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has advised, " Take to trade, because out of ten divisions of livehoods, nine are in trade." The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was not sent to mankind as a trader. Referring to this the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated, " I have not been given Revelation to hoard up wealth or to be one of the tradesman."

The Almighty Allah intended that his Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam should serve as a true example of mans 'life amongst man. Thus, in order to achieve this, the blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam undertook all roles and their relating works. His life was an open book to be read by all.

It is a fact of history that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam not only did his trading justly but laid the fundamental principles for just and fair trading. And the honesty, fairness and straight forwardness with which he did his business dealings with these people has become an eternal example for all business.

The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam reputation as an honest and truthful trader was well established while he was still a youth. He always showed a great sense of responsibility and integrity in dealing with people. His benevolence and strength of his word is prominently learnt from the following example:
Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Abi Hamza (R.A) has reported that he entered into a transaction with Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam but, without finalizing the details, suddenly had to leave for urgent work, promising that he would soon return to settle the terms. Hadhrat Abdullah (R.A) forgot the unfinished transaction, remembering after three days he returned to the original place of transaction to find the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam still awaiting his return. No sign of annoyance could be learnt from the blessed Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam face. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said softly, "You have caused me much pain. I have been waiting for you since three days."

During the youth and manhood of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam life, much stringency was placed upon trading which procured decent and lawful earnings. It is reported that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated, " No one has ever eaten better food than he who eats as a result of the labour of his hands....." ( Part narration : Bukhari )
Hadhrat Aisha ( R.A.) reported Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam as saying, " The most desirable of things you eat come from what you earn, and your children come from what you earn." ( Tirmizi )
Lawful earnings can only be wholly accomplished through honest and faithful practices.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was commonly known amongst the people of Makkah as "Al- Sadiq" (truthful) and "Al- Amin" ( faithful ). His truthful and faithful traits are found readily in numerous ahaadith.

There are many virtues for a truthful merchant. In a hadith it has been said, " The truthful and trusty merchant is associated with the Prophets, the truthful and the martyrs." ( Tirmizi )
" God shows mercy to a man whom is kind when he sells, when he buys and when he makes a claim." ( Bukhari )

Similarly, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was very particular about refraining from unlawful earnings. He forbade business in many things which themselves are unlawful and also in many forms of business because of the presence of unlawful elements.

Accordingly, to Abu Dhar (R.A), the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, " There are three to whom Allah will not speak on the Day of Resurrection, at whom He will not look and whom He will not purify, and they will have a punishment." Abu Dhar (R.A) said, " They are the losers and disappointed.... who are they, Messenger of Allah ?" He replied that one of them would be " he who produces a ready sale of a commodity by false swearing of Allah's name." ( Muslim)
He also said, " The merchants will be raised up on the day of Resurrection as evildoers, except those who fear Allah, are honest and speak the truth."( Tirmizi and Ibn Majah )

Many sayings of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam openly condemn all the parties involved in interest transactions : Hadhrat Jabir ( R.A.) said, "Allah's Messenger cursed the one who accepted interest, the one who paid it, the one who recorded it, and the two witnesses to it, saying they were all alike." (Muslim)

Pages upon pages could be filled with the astounding conducts of the blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Conclusively, study the following incident which highlights the Prophet's (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) patience and acceptance of a trying situation :

Hadhrat Ali ( R.A.) told that Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam owed some dinars to so-and-so, a Jewish doctor, who demanded payment from the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. When he told him, "I have nothing to give you, O Jew,". He replied, "I will not leave you, Muhammad, till you pay me."
Allah's Messenger said, " I shall sit with you, then," and did so. Allah's Messenger prayed the noon, afternoon, sunset, night and morning prayers, and his Companions were threatening and menacing the man, Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam being aware of what they were doing.
Then they said, " Messenger of Allah, is a Jew keeping you in restraint ?" To which he replied, " My Lord has prevented me from practising injustice with one whom a covenant has been made, or anyone else." Then when the day was advanced, the Jew said, "I testify that there is no diety but Allah; I testify that you are Allah's Messenger; and half of my property will be devoted to Allah's path. I swear by Allah that my only purpose in treating you as I have done was that I might consider the description of you given in the Taurah : Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, whose birth place is in Makkah, whose place of migration is in Taiba, and whose kingdom is in Syria; he is not harsh or rough, or loud voiced in the streets, and he is not characterized by coarseness or lewd speech. "I testify that there is no diety but Allah, and I testify that you are Allah's Messenger. Give a decision about this property of mine according to what Allah has shown you."

History fails to present an example of such integrity, honesty, and justice......

As A Husband

The Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was the perfect head of family. Managing many wives with ease, being a lover of their hearts, an instructor of their minds, an educator of their souls, he never neglected the affairs of the nation nor compromised his duties. This is a clear proof of his prophethood. If this were the only proof, it would have been enough.

Such was the eminence of our blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam that he managed to live a life of great happiness with wives of different ages, temperaments, family backgrounds and differing levels of intellect. All his wives but Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) were widows, taking this into account all had very good mutual relations and endured an extremely contented life as members of his auspicious household.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam treated his wives equally and they in return loved him infinitely; each wife doing her utmost to please him. This was a household who lived in happiness with the others.

The blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was scrupulous in maintaining perfect equality amongst his wives as far as it was in his power. He visited them on their appointed turns, as far as possible with absolute justice and integrity. He made no distinction concerning the matters of worldly provision and needs. As far as human emotions and feelings of love and affection are concerned even the greatest man, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had no control over them, and so the Prophet clearly loved Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) more than his other wives. This exceeding love of one wife did not lead to the neglect or lack of love for the remaining wives. The Almighty has mentioned this weakness of man in the following words :

" It is not within your power to be perfectly equitable in your treatment with all your wives, even if you wish to be so; therefore, do not lean wholly towards one wife so as to leave the others in a state of suspense. If you behave righteously and fear Allah, you will find Allah Forgiving and Merciful."
( 4 : 129 )

From the above it is made clear that a husband cannot wholly and literally maintain his affections equally amongst his wives, even if it is his greatest wish to do so, as the wives themselves cannot be equal in respect of the qualities they possess. Thus, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would seek Allah's pardoning for any unintentional leanings. He would make this prayer : " I may have unintentionally shown more love to one of them than the others and this would have been injustice. So, "Oh Lord, I take refuge in your grace for those things which are beyond my power." Even so, each of his wives, because of his generosity and kindness, felt she was his most beloved.

There are many incidents in the books of ahadith and seerah which mark the sweetness, love and nobility of their mutual relationship. It has been reported that once Hadhrat Safiyyah (R.A) was weeping as the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam happened to pass by. Hadhrat Safiyyah ( R.A.) was of Jewish origin and on this occasion she was dismayed when her origin was reminded to her sarcastically. She informed the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, expressing her sadness. Our Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam comforted her saying, " If they repeat it, give them this response : My father is the Prophet Haroon, my uncle is the Prophet Musa and my husband is, as you see, the Prophet Muhammad, the chosen one. What do you have more than me to be proud of ?"

The above incident gives a clear indication towards the excellent management undertaken by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in minor, delicate happenings that would take place between his wives. It is reported by Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) that whenever Allah's Messenger intended to embark on a journey, he cast lots amongst his wives to establish whom would accompany him. This way no one would have cause to complain.

When speaking to his Companions the blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to say, " The best among you is he who treats his wife the best."
On another occasion, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, "Whatever you spend on yourself, your children, your wife, and your servant is charity on your part." ( Muslim, Abu Dawood, Nasai )
According to Hadhrat Sa'ad ( R.A.) " The Prophet visited me at Makkah while I was ill. I said to him : I have property; may I bequeath all my property in Allah's cause?"
He said, " No."
I said, "Half of it ?"
He said, "No."
I said, "One third of it ?"
He said, "One third is alright, yet it is still too much, for you would do better to leave your inheritors wealthy than leave them poor, begging of others. Whatever you spend will be considered a charity for you, even a morsel of food you put in the mouth of your wife !". ( Bukhari )

Seerah kitaabs and alike compilations are filled with the duties and tasks undertaken by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. These duties were not restricted to his blessed life outside his homelife, but were very much a part of this aspect of his blessed life too. After the morning prayer, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to come to talk to Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) if she was awake, otherwise lay down on his side and rested for a while. When he came into the house during the day, he did normal work like any ordinary man.

Hadhrat Aswad reported that he asked Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) what the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to do in his house. She replied, " He keeps himself busy in the service of his family and when the time for prayer comes he goes out to prayer. " ( Bukhari ) She also said, " Allah's Messenger patches his sandals, sews his garments, and conducts himself at home as anyone of you does in his house. He is a human being, milking his sheep and doing his own daily work."( Tirmizi )

We learn from the above of the very normality of the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam homelife. It can not be said for an instant that he shunned away his duties as a husband due to his external roles. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam took every incident as it came and enjoyed the natural instinct of his wives. In spite of heavy state responsibilities he, in his capacity as a husband, treated all his wives quite normally enjoying their occasional feminine delicacies without any pressures.
Counsel and consultation, like every good deed, were both practised by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam first in the context of his own family and then in the wider community.

Women are secondary beings in the minds of many, including those who claim they are defending women's rights. For us, a woman is a part of a whole, a part which renders the other half useful. We believe that when the two halves come together, the true unity of a human being appears. When this unity does not exist, humanity does not exist.

The following highlights an occasion when the blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam consults Hadhrat Umme Salama
( R.A.) upon a very important moment of indecision.

In the treaty of Hudaibiyyah the Sahaabaa (R.A) wanted to reject the treaty and go on to Makkah and face the possible consequences. The Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ordered those with him to slaughter their sacrificial animals and leave their pilgrim attire. Some of the Companions were hesitant. They had hoped for a change in his decision but he repeated his order. It did not change their reluctance. They did not oppose him, but still hoped he might change his mind as they had set out with the intention of pilgrimage and did not want to stop half way. Noticing the reluctance of some of the Companions, the Ruler of the two worlds Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam returned to his tent and asked the opinion of his wife, Umme Salama
( R.A.). This great lady explained her opinion, fully aware that the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam did not need her advice. We should learn that there is nothing wrong in exchanging ideas with the womenfolk of our families.

She said, " Oh Messenger of God ! Do not repeat your order. They may resist and thereby perish. Slaughter your sacrificial animal and change out of your pilgrim attire. They will obey you, willingly or not, when they recognize the certainty of your order." Immediately he took a knife in his hand, went out and began to slaughter his sheep. The Companions began to do the same. Everybody understood that there would be no change in his decision.

Ultimately, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam introduced new dimensions into the relationship between man and woman, enriching the family with love, pleasure and comfort. She was guaranteed her marital, social, economic and legal rights.

There is a treasury of lessons to be learnt from the marital relations of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam with his wives for married people whom are in search of a real and lasting peace and happiness.

As A Father

A person's genuine moral conduct and demeanour is reflected within the privacy of his home, and his behaviour with his family members. One who appears to have maintained a lofty status of good characteristics cannot possibly uphold a mere pretence of honesty and good character from his immediate family. That is why, we see the example to mankind; Bearer of excellence; Illustrator of the ideal lifestyle : the Holy Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has, by setting an example of the perfect father, introduced new dimensions into the human relationship, implementing a new philosophy of life and enriched his family with love, comfort, mercy and security. These priceless gifts he distributed during his role as a father enabled his children to gain spiritual excellence and benefit profusely from this unique relationship.

The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam relationship with his children was not based on mere physical and temporary emotions. However, it was the fruitful consequence of sound judgement, genuine concern and deep-rooted affection. His teachings for his forthcoming younger generation encompassed all fields and discipline, bequeathing everything from the eternal values of piety, aloofness from this world and faith to the social etiquette's of labour, livelihood and economic justice. He left behind him universal principles of education and guidance in order that they may attain success in both worlds and from the tender stages of infancy be able to distinguish right from wrong, evil from good.

Common people prefer to leave hoards of gold and property as legacy for their issues, but the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam imparted by his uniquely effective way of teaching that no amount of material wealth could ever equal to piety and virtuous conduct.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is reported to have said in a hadith narrated by Saeed Ibn Anas (R.A.), "No father has bestowed upon his child a gift more splendid than good manners." (Tirmizi).
Undoubtedly, no human has practised on his own preachings more precisely than the beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had in total three sons and four daughters, born to Hadhrat Khadija (R.A.) with the exception of Ibrahim who was born to Hadhrat Maariah (R.A).

Qaasim was born before Prophethood but unfortunately died at the tender age of two. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was later recognised amongst his companions as "Abul Qaasim". Thereafter, Abdullah was born after Prophethood and hence was given the appellation" Tayyib" and "Taahir" meaning clean \ pure. Abdullah died in infancy.

The Prophet's eldest daughter was called Hadhrat Zainab (R.A), born ten years preceding Prophethood. She was, under the influence of her father, a pillar of faith and patience. The second daughter was Hadhrat Ruqaiyyah (R.A) who died within the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam lifetime. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was much grieved at her death, as was the case with his third daughter Hadhrat Umme Kulthum (R.A) , whose death also caused the eyes of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to weep unrestrainedly.

Finally, was his youngest daughter Fatimah ( R.A.), and what can be said for the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam unconditional love for Hadhrat Fatimah ( R.A.) ? He lavished her and her family with such adoration and warmth and taught her to run her household without any domestic help or large income. He also taught her the virtue of contentment and the art of a frugal living.

Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R.A) reports "I have not seen any person who resembles the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam of Allah more accurately than Fatimah in manner of speech, sitting posture and dialect. Whenever she entered he would rise to greet her, kiss her and seat her in his position. Likewise, when ever the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam entered Hadhrat Fatimah's home, she would rise to greet him, kiss him and seat him in her place."( Part narration, Tirmizi \ Bukhari)

All the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam children were a mirrored reflection of the teachings of their father. He served as an ideal example for other parents and was a thorough combination of all the qualities of understanding and discipline expected from a father. It has been stated regarding Fatimah ( R.A.) that she herself accomplished all the household chores single-handed. This included making the food, baking the bread, sweeping the house and drawing water from the well. This hard work caused her hands to blister, her clothes to wear away and corns to form on her chest. Once she requested the aid of a servant from the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to which he replied, "The orphans of the Battle of Badr are more needy than you," he then alternatively advised the recital of a numbered tasbih.

Subhaanallah, this portrays that although the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam cared for his family dearly, never did he sacrifice integrity, nor did he wield excess leniency in exercising the law of Allah. His mission as a just ruler was not effected by his devotion to his children, although his companions would willingly give preference to the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam household as a gesture of self sacrifice, devotion and respect. He behaved and lived like the average human being with his children and experienced all the emotional and physical strains and sufferings of a father, yet, accepted them with patience and preservance and never lost temper on any worldly account.

According to Hadhrat Anas (R.A.) at the time of Hadhrat Ibrahim's death, tears began to fall gently from the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam eyes. Hadhrat Abdur Rahman Ibn Auf (R.A) proclaimed, "You too, (are weeping) Oh, Messenger of Allah?" The Blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam replied, "The eyes weep and the heart grieves, yet we only utter what pleases the Lord, and we are grieved by your separation, Oh Ibrahim !"

He lived with his children, loved them, and played with them. He enjoyed with them moments of rejoicing and mourned at their pain and affliction, showing he was a man of flesh and blood and experienced bereavement at the loss of his dear ones. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam never hesitated in showing ardour and affection upon his children. Each child was singled out individually and treated with a unique manner of care and concern. He raised the status of all children, particularly female children in both worlds, by abolishing the inhuman custom of burying daughters alive due to fear of poverty and misfortune. He declared the innocence of infants and bequeathed ideal instructions and guidances towards the upbringing of children, from the day they enter the world till they attain the stage of maturity and beyond.

Hadhrat Anas and Hadhrat Abdullah (R.A) have reported the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam to have declared, "Those dearest to Allah are the ones who treat their children kindly." (Bayhaqi)

The Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam high distinguishment as a Prophet and head of state did not restrict him from accomplishing everyday activities with children and household. This fact of his simplistic lifestyle has excelled him as an eternal example for all fathers and husbands.

Hadhrat Buraidah (R.A) recalls an incident while the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was addressing the people, Hadhrat Hasan and Hussain (R.A) came running along in red shirts, stumbling as they walked. Upon seeing them Allah's Messenger descended from his pulpit, and lifted them and commented, "Allah has spoken the truth in saying your property and children are just a temptation, when I glanced at these two I could not resist from interrupting my speech." Despite his multifarious duties as a Messenger of Allah, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam still found time to spend and play with his children. He was never a distant or neglecting father.

On another occasion Hasan or Hussain was standing on the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam foot. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam asked him to remove it after which he playfully placed it on the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam blessed chest. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam kissed him and remarked "Oh Allah I love him, you also love him." (Bukhari)

The atmosphere of the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam home was full of piety, affection and concern for each others welfare. Through his love for his family he would not tolerate a temporary termination of bonds within close relationships.

The following incident portrays this aspect beautifully :
Whenever Hadhrat Ali and Fatimah ( R.A.) disagreed upon a matter, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would resolve the problem justly and ease the friction. Once the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam entered their home and settled their arguments and reunited them. He left the house in high spirits. When the people enquired the reason to his cheerfulness he proclaimed," I have just reconciled between two people I love dearly." Such an extensive example of the perfect lifestyle to mankind. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam successfully attempted with most equitable laws to build family relationships and to cement them with mutual love, kindness and discipline. He took into consideration the natural instincts of paternal love, at the same time reaching the child and guiding him towards the laws ordained by Allah. He laid down tremendous stress on not only their education but also for early formation of the child's character and conduct, according to the lines of faith.

For this reason he is the greatest of those who advocated the cause of children, and this is where the greatness lies.

As A Teacher

From awakening in the morning, walking, talking, etiquette's of eating, when answering the call of nature, behavioural conduct with fellow humans, what to pray when, how to cope with different circumstances, to retiring to sleep at night, how ones every act can be worship; our Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam taught us.

If it was a simple lesson on morality or theology, an angel could have easily delivered it to the people. But the message of Allah contains a complete code of life for solving the practical problems of life. Therefore, it was necessary for a man to show us by his own practical example.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was an educator not only for Muslims but the whole of mankind. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam placed emphasis upon teaching the practical deeds and works. Thus, his every act spoke volumes. Meaning, the whole life of Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is a lesson for man. As our teacher, he did not say or preach anything which he did not practice himself.

When Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R. A.) was asked regarding the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam morals and character she replied,^"His morals and character are the Qur'an."

The blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam taught with great wisdom and good admonition, imparting good news to those people who accepted his call, and warned others of the consequences for those who did not listen.

Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R. A.) narrates that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to be very clear in his talk so that his associates could easily memorize his words. Very often Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to be quiet and would not talk unless very necessary. His speech was well articulated, concise and free from absurdities or humiliation.

While teaching in a gathering, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam refrained from mentioning anyone's name, avoiding disrespect to anyone, but used general terms, usually in the plural sense. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used his whole hand to point towards something; often people with pride point with their fingers.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam made sure, whilst preaching to the people, that it did not become a burden on the listeners. For this, the blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam did not speak to the people on consecutive days but after intervals. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was well aware of the innate nature of his fellow men.
Hadhrat Anas (R. A.) reported that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, "Create ease for people and not difficulty. Give them good tidings of Allah's mercy; don't make them disappointed or hateful." The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam took great care not to disgrace or humble his opponent.

Once the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was sitting with his Companions (R. A.) when he Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam drew a diagram, as a means of learning, on the ground with a stick. The Holy Prophet Muhammed Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam then asked his Companions, "Do you know what it means?"
They replied, "Only Allah and his Rasul knows best". The diagram was made up of a square, through the middle ran a line which protruded outside the square, and inside the square, attached to the lower edge were drawn vertical (small) lines.

The diagram was drawn to gain the attention of the Ummah towards Imaan, Yaqeen and preparation for the after life. Explaining the meaning of the diagram the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, " The square is death, surrounding and encompassing `life'.(The space inside the square is life).No one can step outside the life or do anything after death. The long line protruding from the square represents our plans and thoughts, schemes and dreams and the things we accumulate (which exceed the time of death). And the lines on the side represent the good and adverse conditions which come upon you in this life, success and failure, happiness and regret. " This act of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam highlights an original and intellectual rnethod of teaching, furthermore, it creates realisation towards the plain truth that we plan too far ahead.

In the 23 years of prophethood, Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam with Allah's power achieved great heights. He raised the dignity of human beings, stressed the importance of universal brotherhood and the equality of all mankind. At the time of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam departure from this world it was more than evident that a great revolution had occurred.

Ultimately, through his teaching the blessed Prophet of Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam faithfully delivered the message entrusted to him, in turn, to this Ummah he entrusted the charge of spreading the message of Islam.

As A Grandfather

The Holy Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is truly the pride of humanity. Humanity has never witnessed and never will witness a person like him. We have but captured a glimpse of this remarkable Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam extraordinary perfections as a father, we move now to learn of his unique role as a cherishing grandfather.

He loved all children. He loved Umaamah, his granddaughter, just as he loved Hadhrat Hasan and Hussain ( R.A.). He often went out with her on his shoulders. He even placed her on his back whilst praying. When he went to prostrate, he took her aside and when he had finished he got her on his back again. He showed this degree of love to Umaamah, so as teach how to treat girls to a society that used to bury their daughters alive only a decade previously. Among these people, the Messenger's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam care for his granddaughter was novel and had never been seen before.

There is no discrimination between son and daughter in Islam. The Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam himself showed this. How can there be?

One of them is the Holy Prophet Muhammed Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, the other is Hadhrat Khadija ( R.A.); one is Hadhrat Adam ( A.S.), the other is Hadhrat Hawwa ( A.S.); one is Hadhrat Ali ( R.A.), the other is Hadhrat Fatima ( R.A.). For every great man there is a great woman. One day, when Hadhrat Hasan and Hussain ( R.A.) were on the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam back, Hadhrat Umar ( R.A.) came into the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam house. When he saw them on such an honoured place he said, " What a beautiful mount you have !" The Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam added immediately, " What beautiful riders they are !" They may not even have been aware of the way the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had honoured them. This special compliment was because of their position as future leaders and family heads of the household of the Prophet. From them were to come the 'seeds' of honour and dignity. Hadhrat Anas (R.A.) reports that when the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was asked which member of his family was dearest to him he replied, " Hasan and Hussain." (Tirmizi). On numerous occasions he used to put them on his knee and embrace them and he was often reported as saying, " These are my sons and daughter's sons."

He was not only kind, caring and devoted only to his children and grandchildren but his treatment of the young children of others was also the most affectionate. Whenever he passed by any number of children he used to pass his hand over them with affection and sometimes he would join in their innocent plays. He never forgot to exchange with them most endearing and loving words. His love for his grandchildren, especially his grandchildren Hadhrat Hasan and Hussain ( R.A.) was beyond measure. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was reported to have said, "Bring my bouquets." And upon being brought to him he would embrace and kiss them.

Hadhrat Jaabir (R.A.) reported that he accompanied the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam on a party and he met Hadhrat Hussain ( R.A.) playing on the way with his friends. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam extended his hands. Hadhrat Hussain ( R.A.) began to run here and there and he was making them laugh till he took hold of him. He put his hands on his chin and the other between his head and ears and embraced him. (Tabraani)

The intensity of his love for his family can be reflected in many incidents however, his devotion for his children and grandchildren was most exemplary.
Once again, another incident in which he showed his love for his grandchildren was when he was observing prayers in the mosque. One of the sons of Fatimah ( R.A.) : Hadhrat Hasan or Hussain ( R.A.) came and got on his blessed back. He prolonged in prostration and only lifted his head when the boy got down on his own. This showed how he placed their happiness and pleasure before his own. Hadhrat Anas (R.A.) reported that he had not seen anyone more kind to his children than Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.

A gentle, affectionate and loving nature.....

The warm `qualities' of a truely `grand' personality.

AsA Military Leader

The Prophet Sallallahu Aliahi Wasallam historically is noted to be a proficient and sublime figure in military leadership, adored by his Companions and furthermore humane towards the defeated. His intelligence, skill and determination are proven, having held 28 major and minor expeditions himself and fifty expeditions under the command of his Companions, all were victorious in aim. Establishing law and order, completely destroying the strength and fighting ability of his enemies with the sacrifice of just over 1 000 lives, peace was achieved for the first time in history in the entire Peninsula of Arabia in less than a decade.

His, (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) sole purpose being the establishment of Islam sacrificing family ties and home strove to defend and preserve his religion. In effect he (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) had to subdue rising oppression and the obstacles shadowing his path to maintain peace, so circumstantially became a military leader, warrior and conqueror.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam tolerated the abuses of the unbelievers, he never became disheartened or impatient. Their abuse grew into raids, plunders and war against his people. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stood steadfast and patiently alone amongst the polytheism, their offences failed against his high degree of patience and perseverance resulting in victory.

Hadhrat Baraa Ibn Aazib (R.A.) was once questioned, "Oh, Abu Ammarah did you ever flee from the battle when fighting aside the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ?" He replied, "I swear by the Almighty Allah, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam never turned away although others did." The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam attacked them with arrows upon his mount. Abu Sufyan Ibn Harith held the reins of the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam mount whilst the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam went on proclaiming,

"I am a Prophet and it is no falsification,

And I am the son of Abdul Muttalib." (Tirmizi Sharif)

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was regarded as a courageous warrior showing no signs of timidity or weakness, his approach was admirable upon the battlefield when facing a multitude of dangers and severe tasks. He fought steadfastly amongst the first lines nearest to the enemy, his determination and valour were exemplary. Hadhrat Ali (R.A.) states, "When the battle grew fierce there was none nearest to the enemy lines than the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam." Hadhrat Baraa (R.A.) also narrates regarding the Battle of Hunain, " There was no one as courageous as the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam that day."

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam inspired men with the truth. In a hadith it has been stated, "Never desire fighting but pray to Allah for peace and security. And when you have to fight the enemy, fight with steadfastness and know that Paradise is under the shadow of the sword. (Riyadhus Saaliheen). Giving realistic and logical explanation he created confidence and will power to such an extent that his Companions were willing to sacrifice all possessions and their lives for its cause. He disciplined his Companions spiritually to strive to the utmost with all their resources. As Allah Ta'aalaa states in the Qur'an, "And hold fast, all of you together to the rope of Allah and do not let anything divide you. ( Aali- Imraan ). The Companions co-operated fully and worked in unity to achieve their aim. Thus, in unison despite his position during the Battle of the Trench he took equal share in digging the trench and helped others with their load.

He instilled hope in his Companions and instructed them to turn to Allah in difficult circumstances as at the time of the battle of Badr. Although they were of small number, Allah sent Angels of numerical strength as divine aid. Preparing his men to meet all situations he managed to emerge with flying colours on occasions of extremity by his ingenious skill, its right application in due course helped him achieve total victory at the time of nearing defeat, as in the Battle of Uhud. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam exercised self control when many Companions panicked and ran back midst the confusion, he composedly brought the situation under control, as many a time; changing the picture of the entire battle.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was fully conscious of his lack of manpower and material compared to the enemy strength. He used all possible means of defeating them, approaching them physically, psychologically and spiritually. During war, all is dependant upon the quality, character and morale of the leadership. The Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam tactics and strategical moves proved effective, showing positive results. His military strategies included urgency, secrecy,speed and mobility. At the time of the Battle of Uhud and Hudaibiyah he organised such tactics that the enemy was completely surprised by the speed of the operation and were caught unprepared.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ordered military training for his army thus giving sufficient practise on and off the battlefield. This enabled efficiency and ruled the importance of preparation and precaution, organising internal and external defences. His precautions included patrolling systems, secret signs and codes establishing a strong system of communication, Hadhrat Ka'ab Ibn Malik (R.A) narrates, "Whenever the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam intended to go into the Battle he used secret codes. (Bukhari Shareef). The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam kept himself well informed of all events occurring in surrounding tribes and the border area of Madina. As a result of his principles within a period of eight years they became the most powerful striking force in the region; his intelligence and ability attested.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam dealt with arising problems wisely not to endanger the objective assessing the present problems, defining solutions in accordance to human capacity. Relevantly he always discussed important matters with colleagues to reach best of solutions.

The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam policies reproached the barbaric and uncivil war customs replacing them with humane and just laws. Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Jahash (R.A) was once sent on a mission, he captured prisoners and their property without the permission of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. When the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam heard of this happening he condemned it and declared his action illegal. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam never shed innocent blood and neither of women nor children.
Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Masood (R.A) relates, " The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam expressed disapproval upon the killing of womenfolk and children." (Bukhari Shareef).

Furthermore, despite the conflicts, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam negotiated peace with them (as in Hudaiybiya) but was short lived by the opposition party, this relatively paved way for the conquest of Makkah. Gathering a large force of 10,000 men the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam entered the Holy city which completely destroyed their morale, turning his entry into a peaceful one; without blood shead. Abu Sufyaan exclaimed on this occasion rushing into the city and calling to the people at the top of his voice,

" O men of Quraish ! Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has come with an army such as you've never seen before. Put up no resistance." Even at such a triumphant moment, having become the conqueror of Makkah the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam rode in on a white mule, his head lowered with humility to Allah Ta'aalaa.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was never taught the art of war and neither proposed to become a military leader, being forced into this struggle he fought against the combined strengths of all his enemies with utmost skill and determination, and defeated them on all fronts. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam in comparison with other military leaders in history is found to be towering above all, both in war strategy, strength and skill, proving greatness and malignantly, changing the course of human history and influencing human culture and activities in every area of life.

A moving hero in every field.

As A Ruler

Bosworth Smith has written in ' Muhammed and Muhammedism,
" Head of the state as well as of the church, he was Caesar and Pope in one; but he was Pope without the Pope's pretensions, Caesar without the legions of Caesar. Without a standing army, without a fixed revenue; if ever any man had the right to say that he ruled by a right divine, it was Muhammed, for he had all the power without its instruments and without its supports."

For centuries the Arabian Peninsula was without any government and the neighbouring empires and Persia to the East and Rome to the West dominated the whole region. Although these empires did not rule directly over the Arabs, they had tremendous influence over them.

The Arabs were very much divided into differing clans and tribes through which feuds ran high and wild. These tribal feuds gave rise to much bloodshed which continued for years. The division of the groups was one factor, another was the immorality of these groups which the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was to confront as a ruler. During the divine Prophethood unity was restored amongst these divided people, giving them a strong central government which established law and order for the first time in this part of the world.

Another feature of his rule was that he established a system of virtue, goodness and justice in society and guaranteed justice and fairness for all, irrespective of colour, creed or race. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam emphasized the importance of just ruling through personal example : " The one who will be dearest to Allah and nearest to Him in station on the Day of Resurrection will be a just ruler." Furthermore, Hadhrat Aa'ishah ( R.A.) relates a hadith that the people were concerned about a woman who was to have her hands cut off as a punishment for stealing. The people hoped that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would reconsider her plight. Thus, Hadhrat Usaamah ( R.A.), known to be the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam beloved, was sent to forward the request.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam rose and delivered a sermon in which he said that the people of earlier days were ruined due to their inability to prosecute the rich and reputed, and their promptness to prosecute the poor. He said, " I swear by Allah even if Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad stole I would cut her hands off ." ( Mishkaat ) The above is an evident example of the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam just and unbiased nature of rule.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would participate in work with his people, such that in the Battle of the Trench, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam helped dig the trench amongst his people. By Allah, what kindness! In spite of all his power and authority, no one could ever distinguish him from other people while he was working with them. He never liked people to make any distinction between the ruler and the ruled.

Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam left his hometown, Makkah, and migrated to Madonna where he found himself the Head of State. Although, he was Head of State he lived like an ordinary citizen and lead a very simple life. He was available to his people all the time and there were no barriers between him and the people.

The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam lead a life of poverty in plenty and humility in authority. He was far above the desires of the crown and sceptre, or the need of the pomp and glory of a ruler. A narration of Hadhrat Umar ( R.A.) states, "When I entered the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam home, I noticed the state of the furniture in it. The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had only one sheet of cloth around him to cover the lower part of his body. There was one simple bed with one pillow filled with nut fibre; on one side of the room was some barley and in one corner was an animal skin. There were some water bags made of skin hanging beside his bed."

Hadhrat Umar ( R.A.) said that on seeing this tears came into his eyes. Allah's Messenger asked the reason for his tears. He replied, "Oh Allah's Messenger ! Why shouldn't I cry ! The strings of the bed have left marks on your body. This is a small room with all your furniture; I can see what there is. The Qaiser of Rome and Kisra of Persia enjoyed luxurious living, while you, Allah's Messenger, the chosen one, live like this. The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, " Ibn Khattaab, don't you appreciate that they choose this world and we choose the Hereafter ?"

There was no administrative or clerical staff to assist the Prophet in his work ( as there is today ), which was conducted from the mosque or his house.

It is stated in the Holy Qur'an : "It was by the Mercy of Allah that you were gentle and kind to them ( Oh Muhammad) for if you had been stern and fierce of heart they would have dispersed from round about you."
( 3 : 159 )

The rulers today set an impression of concern but in reality no such concern exists. While, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was kind to his people; he was a ruler of their hearts.

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam really succeeded in establishing the kingdom of Allah on the earth by recognising a right to a livelihood of every citizen of the state. The rights of the poor, the orphans and the destitute were fully looked after and cared for by his government and no one was left to beg or starve. He made it clear to his companions that the poor and destitute had a due right in the wealth of the rich members of the community. It was the result of their labour and that it must be returned to them as a right and not a charity. The Qur'an mentions this as a quality of true believers : " And in their wealth and possession ( was remembered ) the right of the needy, him who asked, and him who was prevented from asking." ( 51 : 19 )

Practically, another great contribution to political philosophy was the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam concept of consultation .The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam established a government which was conducted on the principle of consultation on all levels. It was the real and effective basis of a popular government of the people and by the people. Administrative decisions and decisions of policy on all levels were taken after proper consultation with the representatives of the people. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, "No one will rule ten people or more without coming to Allah who is Great and Glorious on the Day of Resurrection with his hands chained to his neck, being set free by his goodness or brought to destruction by his sin." He also said, "Anyone who is asked by Allah to take charge of subjects and does not protect them with good counsel will not smell the fragrance of Paradise." ( Mishkaat )

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was the first man to introduce the concept of a written constitution into the political history of mankind and gave his people a most comprehensive constitution, covering every aspect of human life from the cradle to the grave. It contained all the fundamental principles of good constitution, laying down the nature, scope and objects of the Islamic state, the powers and functions of the organs of government, the duties and rights of its citizens and its relations with foreign governments in war and peace. The primary source of this constitution is the Qur'an which contains instructions and directives governing every field of human activity. The second source of the constitution is the Sunnah, which gave practical shape to the philosophy of the Qur'an and evolved a political system which covered the entire life of man in light of the Revelation of Allah. The third important factor which helped in building the structure of the Islamic state was the principle of referring disputes to a consensus of high ranking jurists.

Conclusively, the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam gave a clear indication of the kind of society he wanted to achieve, a society wherein no poor and destitute would be left to die. Instead there would be an efficient system of social justice and security on an individual as well as a state level which would fully meet the economic needs of all its less fortunate members. This was the kind of society the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam dreamed of and bequeathed to his successors. All this he achieved in less than a quarter of a century. He first tamed his people into submission to the law of Allah through noble teaching, argument and reasoning; developed the concept of virtue and justice in them and brought political and religious unity with his skilful and shrewd judgement and efforts; established law and order and then introduced major social changes which completely changed their whole concept of life.

All this was the result of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam just and benevolent administration.

As A Companion

Friendship is a befriender of loyalty, of faith, of compassion, of understanding, of ...

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam: befriender of the young, of the old, of the poor, of the townsman, of the bedouin, of the noble, of the unranked of ...

Imaam Muslim and Bukhari, Imaam Ahmed and Tirmizi (R.A) have related Hadhrat Saeed Khudri's (R.A) narration that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam has stated, "Upon me there is no greater favour of self sacrifice and possession as that of Hadhrat Abu Bakr's. (R.A) Excepting Allah, if I were to befriend anybody it would surely have been Hadhrat Abu Bakr, however, Islamic brotherhood and companionship is sufficient."

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam educates man to befriend another for the purposes of Islamic bondage. Worldly friendships hold no more than worldly pleasures which do not necessarily reap goodness for the concerned in the Hereafter.

Numerous ahadith can be studied in order that one may learn of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam as a companion. The following hadith serves as a sound piece of advice for all when choosing the right companion.
Hadhrat Abu Huraira (R.A.) has narrated in Abu Dawood that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, 'A man follows the religion of his friend, so each one should consider whom he makes his friend.'

A righteous friend is one whom will, through compassion, act defensively and yet at all times be just and bear the importance of equality in mind. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was an immaculate example to man of these righteous traits of friendship ...

It has been stated in Sahih Bukhari that Hadhrat Abu Dardaa (R.A) relates that he was sitting with the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, when suddenly Hadhrat Abu Bakr (R.A) came holding the edges of his clothing. He had lifted his garment to the extent that his knees were uncovered. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stated, " Your companion has just returned from fighting with another." Hadhrat Abu Bakr (R.A) voiced his salaam after which he said, "Oh Rasulullah! An argument has taken place between Umar Ibn Khattaab and myself. In haste I have spoken improperly and now I am regretful. I have asked for forgiveness from Hadhrat Umar, however, he has refused to pardon me and so I have come to you." The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam repeated thrice, "Abu Bakr! May Allah pardon you."

Later, Hadhrat Umar (R.A.) was most ashamed of his deed and so went to Hadhrat Abu Bakr's house, where he enquired, " Is Abu Bakr there?" He was told that he wasn't. Thus, Hadhrat Umar (R.A.) went to the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Hadhrat Umar (R.A.) greeted the Prophet with 'Salaam' upon which the Holy Prophet's blessed face became flushed with anger, to the extent that Hadhrat Umar ( R.A.) became apprehensive. Hadhrat Umar (R.A.) lowered himself onto his knees and said, "Oh Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam I have been extreme."

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stated, "Allah has sent me, and you people have said that I have spoken false. However, Hadhrat Abu Bakr ( R.A.) said that I have spoken the truth. He continued to aid me through his self sacrifice and possessions. Will you not pardon my companion for my sake? " Hadhrat Abu Bakr (R.A) was never troubled again.

In contrast, we learn of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam just character which yields equality and Prophetic conduct. ' Once Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam visited us in this house of ours and asked for something to drink. We milked one of our sheep and mixed it with water from this well of ours and gave it to him. Abu Bakr was sitting on his left side and Umar in front of him and a bedouin on his right side. When Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam finished, Umar (R.A) said to him, "Here is Abu Bakr." But Allah's Messenger gave the remaining milk to the bedouin and said thrice, " The ( person on the ) right side ! So, start from the right side."
Hadhrat Anas ( R.A.) added, " It is a Sunnah, " and repeated it thrice. ( Sahih Al Bukhari )

Every act and role of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was one of morality and a source of learning. How many times have we displaced our values or Islamic conducts for the sake of a friend, for whom we feel all should be lost? It is well known that Hadhrat Abu Bakr ( R.A.) was a very close and fortunate companion of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam , this did not cloud the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam conduct in any sense. The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam compassion for Hadhrat Abu Bakr (R.A) is evident by the following :

It has been narrated in Tirmizi and Ibn Majah that Hadhrat Anas (R.A) has reported that the people asked, " Oh Prophet of Allah! Who is your most beloved ?" The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam replied that it was Aa'ishah. The people further asked, " Oh Prophet of Allah! We are asking from amongst the menfolk". The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam replied ,"Aa'ishah's father."

Furthermore, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, " Whoever gives two kinds (of things or property) in charity for Allah's cause, will be called from the gates of Paradise and will be addressed, "Oh Slaves of Allah! Here is prosperity." So, whoever was among the people who used to offer their prayers will be called from the gate of the prayer. Whoever was among the people who used to participate in Jihad will be called from the gate of Jihad. Whoever was among those who used to give in charity will be called from the gate of charity.'

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (R.A) said, " My parents be sacrificed for you, O Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam! No distress or need will befall him who will be called from these gates. Will there be anyone who will be called from all these gates?" The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam replied, " Yes, and I hope you will be one of them." (Narration of Abu Hurayrah R.A).

All friendships are based upon a concrete foundation of faith and trustworthiness. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam placed much trust in his immediate companions. For example, once Allah's Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam offered the morning prayer then faced the people and said, " While a man was driving a cow he suddenly mounted it and beat it. The cow said, ' We have not been created for this. We have been created for ploughing." Upon hearing this, the people said in astonishment, "Glory be to Allah! A cow speaks!" The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, " I believe this, Abu Bakr and Umar too believe it." although neither of them were present there." (Sahih-Al-Bukhari).

Volumes upon volumes could be written upon the nature of the beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam as a companion. Conclusively, read of the humorous, benevolent and light hearted aspects of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam from this example.

A bedouin entered the mops and presented himself before the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam having left his camel outside the mosque. The Holy Prophet's companions said to Hadhrat Nu'ayman, "It is he who is known as Nu'aymaan. How we wish that you would sacrifice this camel, so that we can eat it, how we are desirous to eat meat. The Holy Prophet will see to its payment". The narrator has reported that accordingly Nu'aymaan sacrificed the camel. After which, when the bedouin left the mosque and saw the state of his camel, he exclaimed, "O Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam! someone has sacrificed my camel." Having heard this, the The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam stepped outside the mosque and asked who was responsible. The people stated that it was Nu'aymaan. Thus the The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam went in pursuit of Nu'aymaan to find him hidden in the basement of Hadhrat Zubair's [R.A.] daughter's home. He had concealed himself with dry branches and dry skins. A knowing person pointed to Nu'aymaan's whereabouts, yet voicing loudly, " I haven't seen him".

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam uncovered Nu'aymaan's face to find his face somewhat changed due to the debris from the dry skins and branches. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam questioned, " Who told you to do it?" He replied, " Those who have shown you of my whereabouts." The Holy Prophet dusted Nu'aymaan's face and laughed.

The narrator reports that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam saw to the payment due for the camel The blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam addressed all humanitarian needs through his companionship. It is time that we all assessed how ethical and true our friendships are so that each and every friendship is a source of goodness both on this world and for the Hereafter.

Many have stated that a man is judged by his acqaintances, contemplates what can be said about whose strong bond and acquaintance was no other than the Almighty.

As A Servant Of Allah

Before time existed, when no man or being had yet been created Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'aalaa created the divine noor of the Holy Prophet SallallahuAlaihi Wasallam to remain in attendance before Him for thousands of years. There, in the presence of the Almighty, Allah's miraculous splendour was gradually revealed unto him. Undoubtedly, an increase in the recognition of Allah Ta'aalaa's miraculous splendour and a deeper perception of Allah's majestic sovereignty, inevitably generates within the psyche and physical conduct an extreme degree of servitude and unrestrained full bondage. With servitude comes total submission to worship, and who could possibly claim to have discerned this recognition more effectively than Allah's beloved Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam himself? For in the same manner Allah's chosen messenger was immaculate in all relationships with mankind, he also excelled in his relationship with Allah.

Despite being the chosen one and possessing clear cut superiority over the entire world put together, Allah's sincere Messenger was a spectacle of humbleness before Allah. Never did he appear to be even slightly deficient in compliance to Allah's ordained laws and restrictions, nor did he ever claim ascendency on account of his lofty calibre. Moreover, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would repeatedly beseech Allah for refuge from His chastisement and protection from His wrath.

From the initial stages of prophethood, in the era when the custom of ignorance was still expansively prevalent amongst the Makkans, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would frequently take refuge in the cave of Hira where he would fully devote himself to the ibaadat of one Allah with whom he associated no partner. Later on in life when old age paved way to weakness the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would still rise in the middle portion of the night and busy himself with Salaah.

To encompass all the forms of worship offered by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would be beyond the bounds of possibility. Every breath and every blink of an eye was an act of worship, whether it be in explicit forms such as salaah and recitation of the Qur'an or abstruse forms such as walking, sleeping or eating etc.. No matter what state the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was in, the remembrance of Allah would effortlessly be flowing from his lips and firmly be embodied in his heart. Hadhrat Aa'ishah (RA.) has stated, " The Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would continuously be engrossed in the remembrance of Allah (Abu Dawood). This is why numerous supplications have been narrated for various occasions.

Once Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R.A.) was questioned," Inform us of an unusual aspect of the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallarn." She replied, "Which aspect of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was unusual! One night he arrived home and lay down beside me. After a short while he rose and exclaimed, `Leave me to worship my Lord.' He then performed ablution, began salaah, and began to weep. He continued to weep to such an extent that his blessed tears rolled on to his chest. In ruku' he also wept profusely and when he prostrated his blessed tears were still flowing. He remained in this position until dawn when Hadhrat Bilal ( R. A.) arrived and seeing him in this pitiful condition remarked,' Oh Prophet of Allah, why do you weep excessively when Allah has forgiven all your past and future sins?' Upon this the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam remarked, ' Should I not be a grateful servant then?' (Shamaa'ile Tirmizi)

Despite being totally safeguarded from even the touch of corruption, Allah's beloved Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam remained motionless in the servitude of the Almighty until his blessed feet were sore and swollen.

Hadhrat Aa'ishah (R. A) comments, " Whenever the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would recite an aayah of chastisement and wrath he would beg Allah for refuge, and when mentioning Allah's clemency and mercy he would beseech Allah for a share." (Shamaa'il) Not only did he surpass all in salaah, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is also reported to have fasted until his companions assumed he would never respite. From the little wealth he did possess he would generously spend in the path of Allah until he had not a single dirham to his name.

Even at times of war when both forces would clash and the atmosphere on the battle field intensified, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would be found in prostration with his forehead pressed against the ground pleading Allah for his assistance. When Allah's divine attributes of beauty and majesty were exposed to the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam simultaneously, he would become so overwhelmed by weeping that his companions would describe the sounds as those of an over boiling pot of water.

On the occasion of a solar eclipse the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would perform extremely lengthy rakaats and inhale deep breaths whilst sobbing, "Oh Allah did you not vow not to punish them whilst I was amongst them and whilst they begged for forgiveness? "Oh Allah we beseech you for forgiveness!"
( Shamaa'il)

We see, it is typical of man's disposition to be inclined to spend the night engrossed in an act that delights him the most, as we see the gambler spends it in gambling, and the student in his studies. Likewise, Allah's beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would dedicate the night to worship, fully relishing the opportunity to converse with his Creator and present himself humbly before the Clement Lord. This is the genuine active illustration of total submission to worship, which is the sole purpose of mans existence, unearthed most effectively by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.

Regardless of his numerous responsibilities and social priorities as head of the Muslim nation, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam never disregarded the most eminent of them all; the worship of Allah. According to Allah's words: 'So when thou art relieved, still toil ( in worship ).' ( Al Inshiraah: 7) he diligently applied him self to all obligations.

The above is merely a minute representation of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam example as a servant of Allah. In reality, the truth is that every aspect of the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam lifestyle was adorned with servitude and unlimited devotion (ibaadah.)

A Persian couplet beautifully describes the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam characteristics :
`How many of your graces can be adored,
The limits of sight are narrow and the flowers of your charms infinite.'

One can only ponder over the magnitude of his devotion and worship and then shamefully compare them with his own feeble attempts, which in comparison would fail to level to even an iota of the sincerity and earnest with which the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam performed each prostration and uttered each word of praise.

As An Adviser

The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam contribution to advice and counsel for mankind holds no parallel in history. Despite being an uneducated orphan himself, his advice was the answer to all of life's mysteries and confusions regarding every principle of morality, ethos and religion, revealing to man the wealth of eternal values and standards. Collectively, these pearls of wisdom formed the basis of culture in all its many dimensions, including religion, psychology, commerce, agriculture, medicine, general sociology and scores of other fields of knowledge and human activity man was devious to.

Not only was this advice comprehensive, but was also delivered in the most influential way imaginable and never failed to leave a lasting impact on the listener as intended. Each word, example and suggestion of the Blessed Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was enriched with love, consideration, ease and justice, often calling his companions with affectionate nicknames such as Aba Hir (Abu Huraira), Aa'ish and Ya Bunayya (0 dear son). This outstanding feature of genuine care and concern made it impossible for the listener to turn down and ignore.

Even prior to the advent of his prophethood, the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam advice was of great importance to the Makkans. During the time when the ka'bah's structure was undergoing renovation, a conflict arose regarding who should be honoured with positioning the black stone. Finally, when the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was blessed with this honour he suggested the stone be placed in a sheet with a member of each clan holding a corner so every individual was satisfied and could participate in positioning the stone.

Later on as Islam progressed gradually, he began to advise in all religious affairs and offered knowledge in place of ignorance, reason in place of custom and tradition, and freedom of research in place of blind conformance. Throughout every guidance he never swayed from the intended goal of life - the pleasure of Allah, and every word of advice was a token for the Hereafter.

Hadhrat Abu Najih (R. A) narrates that we requested, "Oh Prophet of Allah advise us." He responded `I advise you to fear Allah and to be absolutely obedient even if a slave is given authority over you. Verily, he among you who survives will witness great controversy, so cling to my sunnah and the sunnah of the rightly guided Caliphs - grasp them firmly. Beware of new inventions, for every new invention is an innovation, and every innovation is going astray and every astray is in Hellfire! (Abu Dawood, Tirmizi).

In another sermon he spoke the concise words that form the root of religion and advised, "I am leaving behind two things. The Qur'an and my example; the sunnah. If you follow these you will not go astray."

The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would always consider his companions' opinion when discussing how to approach certain problems. Before the Battle of Uhud, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam discussed what action to take against the opposition. Many companions overwhelmed by their powerful zeal for Jihaad suggested the Muslim army should march forth and confront the enemy. Although this was contrary to what the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had planned, he acted accordingly and subdued his own opinion.

Thereafter, when the non-Muslim gained the upper hand momentarily, the Companions (R.A) realised that the Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam advice was full of wisdom and betterment in every situation. Anything besides it could lead to negative consequences as is evident by Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Umar Ibn Aas's ( R.A) experience when he was advised to fast only three days per month. Hadhrat Abdullah requested permission for more to which he was advised to fast a day and rest two days. When he requested more, still he was advised to fast on alternate days. (Muslim). In another narration he is reported to have added ," In the latter part of my life (due to weakness and old age) I wished I had accepted the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam counsel!

It should be understood here that it is necessary to act according to any order the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam gives as part of his message by the command of Allah in religious affairs. However, advice and intercession given in worldly matters is not compulsory to comply to and is optional. Although acting accordingly holds fruitful consequences in both worlds as portrayed in the following two incidents.

When Hadhrat Bareera (R.A.) was liberated from slavery, she divorced Hadhrat Mugeeth (R. A). As a result Mugeeth (R. A.) who loved Bareera unconditionally was heartbroken and would roam the alleyways of Madinah, weeping with his tears rolling down his beard. The Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam took great pity upon this sorrowful state and remarked, "Are you not amazed by Mugeeth's love for Bareera and Bareera's love for Mugeeth?" Thereafter, he interceded on behalf of Mugeeth to which Bareera replied, "0 Prophet of Allah, if this is an order I will oblige, but if it is intercession then I have no need for Mugeeth."

On another occasion Hadhrat Fatimah bint Quais (R.A) requested the Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam counsel regarding marriage proposals to which he advised, " Mu'aawiyah (R. A) does not possess much and Abu Jahm does not remove the case from his shoulder but Usaamah should be considered." (Abu Dawood).
Although reluctant at first Fatimah (R. A) obeyed and wed Usaamah (R. A) later, she was envied by many due to the benefits she achieved from this marriage.

Occasionally, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would display anger and sternness to emphasize the importance of a situation. In such cases the companions were overcome with fear and the message set firmly in their minds. In every case he would advise according to what was better for the ummah and not give preference to himself.

The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam advice was not limited here, but during his short lifetime he also initiated a method of discovering order to achieve benefit from the natural faculties Allah has bestowed. The entire human civilisation received a tremendous boost from his cultural heritage, especially in the development and progress of sciences. Many complications regarding medicine, economics and other sciences were unearthed within his advice.

When Hadhrat Asma (RA) complained of excessive blood loss, in order to treat herself, she was advised to sit in a tub of water to ease the flow. Similarly, on other occasions the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam would prescribe various methods of overcoming illness by using honey, herbs, olive, oil, milk and other easily obtainable natural substances. He also advised the Ansaar farmers on how to handle their fields and crops.

If pondered over, one would inevitably reach the conclusion that every advice given by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is a tree of direction for mankind and opens many closed doors. Following his advice would be the path to salvation, a step towards morality and the ultimate key to the pleasure of Allah; bringing to life the abandoned valleys of knowledge. The Holy Prophet's Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam advice and counsel kindled the light of morality amongst his companions until it gradually enlightened the entire world with it's illumination. No other person's advice could influence the shape of the future quite as dramatically.

Renewable Energy - Home Page

2008-06-11T22:05:00.000-07:00

Renewable Energy - Home Page

Renewable energy is an essential part of Australia’s low emissions energy mix and is important to Australia’s energy security. ...